How do the connections between a cell and its neighbours control how a cell responds? (FAULKNER_J27DTP)
Key details
- Application Deadline
- 30 November 2026 23:59 UK Time
- Location
- John Innes Centre
- Funding type
- Competition Funded (Home and International)
- Start Date
- 1 October 2027
- Mode of Study
- Full-time
- Programme Type
- PhD
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Project Description
"Plant cells are connected to their neighbours via ‘tubes’ called plasmodesmata, creating an interconnected cytoplasm that joins cells within and between tissues and organs. Many molecules use plasmodesmata to move freely between cells and it is critical for a plant to tightly control how open its plasmodesmata are to enable control over how far molecular information and resources can travel through tissues. Indeed, this control is important to how a plant responds to many different environmental and developmental changes, including immune responses when it is being invaded by a pathogen.
We, and others, have identified that plasmodesmata close when a cell perceives a pathogen, isolating that cell from its neighbours. We recently found that whether plasmodesmata are open or closed is related to immune-associated gene expression changes. This relationship illustrates a significant gap in our knowledge of how plants defend themselves against disease-causing pathogens. Further, we also recently discovered that immune-associated plasmodesmal closure depends on the amount of sugar the leaf is producing – leaves that are consuming rather than producing sugar don’t isolate their cells. We can maniuplate whether a leaf is a sugar producer or consumer and so this allows new opportunity for us to investigate the relationship between plasmodesmal connectivity and gene expression.
This project will leverage these advances to investigate how plasmodesmal connectivity influences how cell response to pathogens. The student will take advantage of the extensive tools and resources available in the Faulkner lab to investigate plasmodesmal function and immune responses, and use these to generate new information and hypotheses to be tested. The project will use molecular biology, bioinformatics, genetics and quantitative imaging approaches to pioneer new understanding of how cell-to-cell connectivity via plasmodesmata underpins immune success in different leaves of a plant."
Entry Requirements
At least UK equivalence Bachelors (Honours) 2:1. English Language requirement (Faculty of Science equivalent: IELTS 6.5 overall, 6 in each category).
Funding
This project is awarded with a 4-year Norwich Research Park Biosciences Doctoral Training Partnership PhD DTP studentship. The studentship includes payment of tuition fees (directly to the University), a stipend to cover living expenses (2026/27 stipend rate: £21,805, and a Research Training Support Grant of £5,000pa for each year of the studentship.
References
"Raven, E.C., Stringer, R., Walker, C., Thomas, H.R., Faulkner, C. (2025) Primary metabolism underpins the execution of immune responses in different tissues of the same plant. bioRxiv, 2025.10.11.681807
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.10.11.681807v1 Tee, E.E., Breakspear, A., Papp, D., Thomas, H.R., Walker, C., Bellandi, A., and Faulkner, C. (2026). Plasmodesmal closure elicits stress responses. EMBO Reports. 10.1038/s44319-026-00789-2.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s44319-026-00789-2 Tee, E. E., Faulkner, C. (2024) Plasmodesmata and intercellular molecular traffic control. New Phytologist 243: 32-47.
https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19666 Tee, E.E., Johnston, M.G., Papp, D., and Faulkner, C. (2023). A PDLP-NHL3 complex integrates plasmodesmal immune signaling cascades. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 120, e2216397120. 10.1073/pnas.2216397120. Nobori, T., Monell, A., Lee, T.A. et al. A rare PRIMER cell state in plant immunity. Nature 638, 197–205 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08383-z"