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Workshops
Greenocean workshops have brought together ecologists, modellers and observational scientists to use new data and methods, including machine learning, to improve ecosystem representation in global ocean models. 11 workshops have been held since 2000.
2025 Exploiting new data, AI, and process models to explore marine biodiversity–carbon cycling interactions
This workshop focused on: (1) New insights into marine ecosystems structure, (2) Linkages between ecosystem properties and sinking carbon fluxes, (3) Role of viruses for ecosystem diversity and carbon fluxes, and (4) Stability, acclimation, and adaptation of marine ecosystems under multiple stressors. It led to the submission of a Perspective paper “Towards Ocean System Models to address marine challenges”.
2022 Building models fit to explore marine ecosystem stability under multiple stressors
This workshop aimed to exchange knowledge on the building blocks necessary to study marine ecosystem stability under multiple stressors, and stimulate ideas and collaborations. The workshop focused on the following themes: (1) Linkages between surface ecosystems and sinking of organic carbon, (2) Observing and modelling marine viruses, (3) Understanding and modelling critical ecosystem pathways, and (4) Stability of marine ecosystems under multiple stressors. It led to new collaborations between modellers and observationalists, namely through the Calipso project funded by Schmidt Sciences.
2020 New observations and new methods to better constrain marine ecosystems processes in models in the context of a changing climate
This workshop reviewed new marine observations for ecosystem composition and carbon export processes, took stock of recent advances in theoretical ecosystem modelling and global ecosystem modelling, and explored recent work applying machine learning methods to marine ecosystems and biogeochemistry.
2000-2007 Greenocean Workshop Series
Led to the explicit inclusion of ecosystem dynamics in a new generation Dynamic Green Ocean Models (DGOMs) based on the representation of Plankton Functional Types (PFTs). PFTs should be included in models when they have: an explicit biogeochemistry role; a distinct set traits; distinct effects on others; are of quantitative importance. This workshop series led to the publications of a well-cited review paper on “Ecosystem dynamics based on plankton functional types for global ocean biogeochemistry models”.
Publications of the PlankTOM model developments and results
Regulation of ocean carbon cycle by marine viruses. M.-F. Racault, E. Buitenhuis, L. Guidi, M. B. Sullivan, A.-C. Baudoux, R. Ying, C. Le Quéré, Nature, submitted
Towards Ocean System Models to address marine challenges. C. Le Quéré et al., Nature, in review
Role of jellyfish in the plankton ecosystem revealed using a global ocean biogeochemical model, Wright et al., 2021, Biogeosciences, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1291-2021
Large Contribution of Pteropods to Shallow CaCO3 Export, Buitenhuis et al., 2019, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GB006110
Role of zooplankton dynamics for Southern Ocean phytoplankton biomass and global biogeochemical cycles, Le Quéré et al., 2016, Biogeosciences, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4111-2016
Combined constraints on global ocean primary production using observations and models, Buitenhuis et al., 2013, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, https://doi.org/10.1002/gbc.20074
Biogeochemical fluxes through microzooplankton, Buitenhuis et al., 2010, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GB003601
Biogeochemical fluxes through mesozooplankton, Buitenhuis et al., 2006, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002511
Ecosystem dynamics based on plankton functional types for global ocean biogeochemistry models, Le Quéré et al., 2005, Global Change Biology, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.1004.x
MAREDAT: towards a world atlas of MARine Ecosystem DATa, Buitenhuis et al., 2013, Earth System Science Data, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-227-2013
See also the publications of Corinne Le Quéré, Erik Buitenhuis, Marie-Fanny Racault, Becci Wright, Tereza Jarnikova, and Joe Guest.