Project description

Primary supervisor - Professor Cristóbal Uauy

Wheat provides 20% of the calories and protein consumed by humans. The world population will reach 9 billion by 2050, which requires food production to more than double. Although plant breeding has led to the development of high-yielding wheat varieties, it also created a bottleneck effect, reducing genetic variability and thus limiting the potential for further improvements and adaptations. One way to increase genetic variability is to explore untapped genetic resources such as landraces, wild relatives, and closely related species.

Einkorn (Triticum monococcum), the first domesticated wheat species, is a close relative of modern wheat. Its inflorescence consists of spikelets, each of which forms a single flower (floret) and is encased by tough bracts (glumes). The floret consists of the leaf-like lemma and palea, which enclose the reproductive organs. The glumes of Einkorn are tenacious, meaning that the grain does not readily separate from them. There exists, however, a naturally occurring mutant of Einkorn that has been described as free-threshing, where the grain separates freely from the chaff.

We have recently identified a strong candidate for the gene underlying this trait. Our initial phenotypic analysis suggests that the organ identity of glumes is changed to that of lemmas, suggesting that the mutant transforms glumes into sterile flowers. We hypothesise that this could be exploited to increase grain number per spikelet, by combining several mutations to fully transform glumes into fertile flowers.

This project provides a clear goal to characterize an exciting mutant in a wheat relative, while also allowing plenty of room for the student to take ownership of the project and expand into their areas of interest and according to the results. The student will receive mentoring and outstanding training in modern crop genetics, genomics, data analysis, and bioinformatics.

The Norwich Research Park Biosciences Doctoral Training Programme (NRPDTP) is offering fully funded studentships for October 2026 entry. The programme offers postgraduates the opportunity to undertake a 4-year PhD research project whilst enhancing professional development and research skills through a comprehensive training programme. You will join a vibrant community of world-leading researchers. All NRPDTP students undertake a three-month professional internship placement (PIPS) during their study. The placement offers exciting and invaluable work experience designed to enhance professional development. Full support and advice will be provided by our Professional Internship team.

This project has been shortlisted for funding by the NRPDTP. Shortlisted applicants will be interviewed on 3,4 or 5 February 2026.

Visit our website for further information on eligibility and how to apply: https://biodtp.norwichresearchpark.ac.uk/.

Our partners value diverse and inclusive work environments that are positive and supportive. Students are selected for admission without regard to gender, marital or civil partnership status, disability, race, nationality, ethnic origin, religion or belief, sexual orientation, age or social background.

To maximise accessibility and attract students from underrepresented groups to our programme we have introduced bespoke templates for applicant Personal and Research statements which will enable every applicant to fully represent themselves through providing suitable examples and evidence. These forms are on the NRPDTP website and must be used for these sections of the application form.

Entry requirements

At least UK equivalence Bachelors (Honours) 2:1. English Language requirement (Faculty of Science equivalent: IELTS 6.5 overall, 6 in each category).

Funding

This project is awarded with a 4-year Norwich Research Park Biosciences Doctoral Training Partnership PhD DTP studentship. The studentship includes payment of tuition fees (directly to the University), a stipend to cover living expenses (2025/6 stipend rate: £20,780), and a Research Training Support Grant of £5,000pa for each year of the studentship.

References

Long, KA, Lister, A, Jones, MRW, Adamski, NM, Ellis, RE, Chedid, C, Carpenter, SJ, Liu, X, Backhaus, AE, Goldson, A, Knitlhoffer, V, Pei, Y, Vickers, M, Steuernagel, B, Kaithakottil, GG, Xiao, J, Haerty, W, Macaulay, IC, Uauy, C (2024). Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Expression Gradients in Developing Wheat Inflorescences at Cellular Resolution. BioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.19.629411

Ahmed, HI, …, Uauy, C, Wicker, T, Tiwari, VK, Abrouk, M, Poland, J, Krattinger, SG (2023). Einkorn genomics sheds light on history of the oldest domesticated wheat. Nature, 620(7975), 830–838. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06389-7

Backhaus AE, Lister A, Tomkins M, Adamski NM, Simmonds J, Macaulay I, Morris RJ, Haerty W, Uauy C. 2022. High expression of the MADS-box gene VRT2 increases the number of rudimentary basal spikelets in wheat. Plant Physiology 189:1536–1552 https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiac156

Adamski NM, Simmonds J, Brinton JF, Backhaus AE, Chen Y, Smedley M, Hayta S, Florio T, Crane P, Scott P, Pieri A, Hall O, Barclay EJ, Clayton M, Doonan JH, Nibau C, Uauy C. 2021. Ectopic expression of Triticum polonicum VRT-A2 underlies elongated glumes and grains in hexaploid wheat in a dosage-dependent manner. The Plant Cell. 33:2296-2319 https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab119

Identity matters: understanding spike architecture to increase grain number in wheat (UAUY_J26DTP)

Project description

Entry requirements

Funding

References