| |
UPDATES |
THE LAW OF PROFESSIONAL-CLIENT CONFIDENTIALITYRegulating
the Disclosure of Confidential Personal Information |
|
Informational privacy law
is changing with great rapidity. Updates, corrections and omissions to the book
and a supplementary bibliography are provided on this website.
Rosemary Pattenden would appreciate suggestions for materials to include on
these webpages and to receive comments and criticisms about the text of the book.
To find updates to paragraphs in the published book select the appropriate
chapter in the table below.
| Additional Cases (look up paragraph(s) in the index below) |
| United Kingdom |
|
Fibrenetix Storage
Ltd v Davis
[2004] EWHC 1359 ¶ 21. Gabrin v Universal
Music Operations Ltd [2003] EWHC 1335 (HC) ¶
5.85 Istil Group Inc
v Zahour [2003] EWHC 175 (Ch), [2003] 2 All ER 252 ¶
6.105, 11.79.
Jackson v Royal Bank of Scotland [2005] UKHL 3 ¶ Kent
County Council v B (by her Children's Guardian) sub nom Re B (A Child)
[2004] EWHC 411 (Fam) L v (1) L (2) H
(A Firm) (2007) [2007]
EWHC 140 (QB) ¶
8
Sayers & Ors
v Smithkline Beecham plc & ors [2005] EWHC 2149 (QB) ¶14.
Virgo Fidelis Senior
School v Boyle EAT The Times 26 Feb. 2004 ¶
21.24. W (Re) (Children)
[2005] EWHC (Fam) * 14/7/2005 ¶17. Yuri Nikitin & Ors v Richards Butler (2007) EWHC (QB) 9/2/2007 Langley J. ¶ 14
|
| European Court of Human Rights |
|
Allan
v UK App.
no. 48539/99
5 November
2002 ¶
3.15 |
| Beyond UK |
|
City of Montreal
v Foster Wheeler Power Company Ltd 2004 SCC 18 ¶
16.17. |
| Additional Legislation (look up paragraph(s) in the index below) |
Enterprise Act 2002, s.237
¶ 5.51, 18.26
Human Tissue Act 2004, s.2 ¶ 13.14
Learning and Skills
Act 2000 ss.117, 120 ¶ 3.40, 3.43
Legal Aid Act 1988, s.38 ¶ 3.41.
Magistrates' Courts Act 1980, s.97A ¶15.04.
National Audit Act 1983
¶
3.40.
Serious and Organised Crime Act 2005 ¶
10.
Sexual Offences Act 2003, ss.14, 73 ¶
13.13
Child Support (Information,
Evidence and Disclosure) Regulations 1992 ¶
3.40, 10.03
Civil Procedure Rules 1998 31,14 ¶
16.34.
Civil Procedure Rules 1998 35.10 ¶
16.34.
Criminal Procedure Rules 2005
Data Protection (Subject
Access Modification) (Social Work) (Amendment) Order 2005 ¶
19.
Money Laundering Regulations 2003 ¶
10.25.
The Medicines for Human
Use(Clinical Trials) Regulations 2004, Schedule 1, Pt 2, r.11
¶
13.11.
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
and Money Laundering Regulations 2003 (Amendment) Order 2006
A. Use of Terms in the
Book 1.02
Personal Information ¶
1.02-1.05
Privacy, Confidentiality and Privilege ¶
1.06-1.22
Professionals and their Clients
¶ 1.23-1.32
Third Parties, Interceptors and Strangers 1.33-1.34
B. Justifying and Limiting Professional Confidentiality 1.35
Justifying Confidentiality ¶
1.35-1.1.53
Justifying Breaches of Confidentiality
¶ 1.54-1.57
A. Technological,
Political and Social Change 2.01
Increased Recording and Storage of Information 2.02-2.03
New Technology ¶
2.04-2.10
Pressures for Disclosure to Third Parties ¶
2.11-2.20
Employed Professionals ¶
2.21-2.24
Workplace Pressures 2.25
Public Attitudes to Professional Confidentiality¶
2.26-2.28
Children's Rights 2.29
Public Trust in the Protection of Personal Information 2.30-2.31
Attitudes of Professionals to Confidentiality ¶
2.32-2.33
B. The Issues Confronting
the Law 2.34 - 2.35
Top of page
A. Human Rights 3.02
Article
8(1)¶ 3.03-3.09
Relevance of Other Convention Articles ¶
3.10-3.18
Justified and Unjustified Interference with Convention Rights ¶
3.19-3.25
When Convention
Rights Collide ¶ 3.26
- 3.32
B. Legislating about Confidentiality 3.33
Compulsory Disclosure ¶
3.33
- 3.40
Non-disclosure ¶
3.41-3.44
Disclosure to the Subject of the Information 3.45
C. Professional Codes of Ethics 3.46
Purpose of a Code 3.46
Legal Significance of an Ethics Code 3.47
D. Domestic 'Soft Law' 3.48
Public Sector Guidance 3.48 - 3.49
Information Commissioner's
Guidance ¶ 3.50-3.51
E. The International Dimension 3.52
Supranational and International Instruments ¶
3.52-3.55
Top of page
A. Contract
4.02
Contract Basics ¶
4.02-4.03
Confidentiality as a Contractual Term ¶
4.04
-4.18
B. Tort 4.19
Negligence ¶ 4.20-4.28
Intentional Infliction of Distress ¶
4.29-4.33
Defamation ¶ 4.34-4.40
Injurious
Falsehood 4.41-4.42
Conspiracy 4.43-4.44
Breach of Statutory Duty ¶ 4.45-4.52
Infringement of Privacy ¶ 4.53-4.59
Breach of Confidence 4.60-4.59
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A. Equity
5.02
Breach of Confidence
¶ 5.02
- 5.63
Breach of Fiduciary Duty ¶
5.64-5.83
B. Copyright ¶
5.84-5.87
Top of page
A. Interception
and Disloyalty 6.02
Civil Actions: Client v Interceptor ¶
6.02
- 6.31
Civil Actions: Client v Professional ¶
6.32-6.37
Civil Actions: Professional v Employee
6.38 - 6.47
Civil Actions: Professional v Interceptor 6.48-6.53
Prosecuting Interceptors and Disloyal Employees in the Criminal Courts ¶
6.54-.6.83
Prosecuting a Stranger in the Criminal Courts 6.84-6.87
Committing a Criminal Offence in the Public Interest 6.88
B. Accidental
Disclosure 6.89
The
Professional's Liability ¶ 6.90-6.94
Admissibility of Accidentally Disclosed and Intercepted Materials in Court Proceedings
6.95-6.102
Restraining the Use of Materials by
Means of the Action for Breach of Confidence¶ 6.103-
6.111
Top of page
A. Tracing
7.02
Introduction
7.02
Discovery Proceedings
¶ 7.03-7.19
B. Actions Against Third
Parties and Strangers 7.20
Breach of Confidence ¶
7.20-7.34
Breach of Fiduciary Duty 7.35
Tort ¶
7.36-7.43
Copyright 7.44
Top of page
A. Prior Restraint
8.02
Permanent Injunctions ¶
8.02
- 8.07
Interim Injunctions ¶ 8.08-8.25
Data Protection Compliance Orders
8.26-8.27
B.
After-the-Event Remedies 8.28
Monetary Awards ¶ 8.28-8.70
Account of Profits ¶ 8.71-8.72
Delivery Up and Destruction of Items
¶
8.74-8.75
Constructive Trusts ¶ 8.76-8.79
Top of page
A.
Litigation 9.01
Selecting Civil Causes of Action 9.01
Pros and Cons of Civil Litigation ¶
9.02-9.03
B. Litigation
Alternatives 9.04
The Alternatives ¶
9.04-9.07
Media Regulatory Bodies ¶ 9.08
-9.23
Top of page
A.
Coercive Statutory Disclosure 10.02
The Targets of Coercive Disclosure ¶
10.02-10.03
Confidentiality and Coercive Disclosure ¶
10.04-10.12
Legal Professional Privilege and Coercive Disclosure ¶
10.13-10.15
Making the Disclosure and Notifying the Client ¶10.16-10.21
Consequences of Non-Disclosure 10.22
Compulsory Disclosure Under Foreign Law ¶
10.23
B.
Money Laundering ¶
10.24
Reporting Obligation ¶
10.25-10.31
Related Offences ¶
10.32-10.33
C. Use of Information
Disclosed Under Compulsion 10.34
In a Criminal Prosecution ¶
10.34
For a Collateral Purpose ¶ 10.35-10.40
Top of page
A. The Public Interest
¶
11.02- 11.08
B. Disclosure of Iniquity
¶
11.09-11-38
C. Incriminating Physical
Evidence ¶
11.39-11.40
D. Disclosure Without
Iniquity ¶
11.41-11.52
E.
Genetic Information 11.53-11.57
F. HIV Infection 11.58-11.59
G. Procedural and Miscellaneous
Matters ¶
11.60-11.71
H. Interceptors, Strangers
and Third Parties 11.72-11.76
I. The Public Interest
and Privileged Communications ¶
11.77-11.80
J. Tort Defences and
the Public Interest 11.81
K. Copyright and the
Public Interest 11.82-11.83
Top of page
A. Disclosure in
Client's Best Interests 12.02
The Competent Adult ¶
12.02-12.08
The Incompetent Adult ¶ 12.09-12.10
Children ¶ 12.11-12.13
B. Disclosure With Statutory Authority 12.14
Statutory Provisions Allowing the Disclosure of Confidential
Information 12.14-12.22
C. Disclosure Motivated by Self-Interest 12.23
Breaching Confidentiality Defensively 12.23-12.33
Breaching Confidentiality Affirmatively ¶
12.34-12.41
Top of page
A.
Express Consent ¶
13.01
Forms of Consent ¶
13.02- 13.04
Duration of Consent 13.05-13.07
Capacity to Consent ¶13.08-13.21
Reality of Consent ¶
13.22-13.27
Informed Consent 13.28-13.33
B.
Implied Consent 13.34
Disclosure for Primary Purposes ¶
13.34-13.45
Disclosure for Secondary Purposes ¶
13.46-14.58
Parameters of Express and Implied Consent 13.59-13.62
C.
Waiver 13.63
English Waiver Cases 13.63-13.66
Prerequisites of the Defence 13.67
Top of page
A. Civil Cases
14.02
Compulsory Pre-Trial Disclosure ¶
14.02
- 14.14
Search Orders 14.15-14.17
Criminal Assets Recovery Authority 14.18
B. Criminal Cases
14.19
Acquisition
of Confidential Information by the Prosecution ¶
14.19-
14.69
Covert Surveillance ¶
14.70-14.122
Acquisition of Confidential Information by the Defence ¶14.123-14.132
C. Proceedings Abroad
14.133
Civil Litigation 14.133-14.136
Criminal Proceedings ¶
14.137-14.138
Top of page
A. Civil and Criminal
Trials 15.02
Documentary Evidence ¶
15.02-15.12
Oral Evidence ¶ 15.13-15.30
Lawyer's Duty Not to Mislead the Court¶
15.31-15.35
Public Authority Disclosure of Confidential Information to
a Court ¶
15.36-15.40
B. Tribunals and Public Inquiries 15.41
Tribunals ¶
15.41-15.48
Statutory and Non-Statutory Inquiries Ordered by
Ministers ¶ 15.49-15.56
Top of page
A. Statutory Inadmissibility
16.02
Admissibility of Confidential Information ¶
16.02-08
B. Privilege 16.08
Legal Professional
Privilege¶ 16.08-16.51
Public Interest Immunity ¶16.52
- 16.64
Top of page
A. Control of Documents
17.02
Withholding
Information From a Party ¶ 17.02-17.08
Collateral Use of Documents ¶17.09-17.21
Access to Documentary Evidence by Non-Parties¶17.22-17.25
B. Restricting Publicity 17.26
Open Justice 17.26-17.29
Hearing Evidence in Private ¶ 17.30-17.37
Anonymity Orders ¶17.38-17.43
Reporting Restrictions ¶17.44-17.50
Top of page
A. Data Protection Act 1998
Introduction ¶ 18.01-18.07
First Data Protection Principle ¶ 18.08-18.28
Second Data Protection Principle 18.29-18.33
Other Data Protection Principles ¶18.34-18.36
Exemptions
¶ 18.37-18.46
Enforcement of the Data Protection Principles 18.47-18.50
B. Freedom of Information 18.51
Freedom of Information Act 2000 18.51-18.52
Requests for Personal Information ¶
18.53-18.58
Top of page
At
the bottom of pages 643-651 (chapter 19), footnotes 19 to 89 are one number out
of sequence. Introduction ¶
19.01 - 19.02
A. Client's Right to See Own Records 19.03
Common Law Rights ¶ 19.03-19.20
At the bottom of pages 643-651 footnotes 19 to 68 are one number
out of sequence. Look for Fn -
1.
Footnote 18 has been omitted from the bottom of the page..
Client's Statutory Rights of Access to Records ¶
19.21- 19.57
At
the bottom of pages 643-651 footnotes 19 to 89 are one number out of sequence.
Look for Fn -1.
B. Client's Right to Information 19.58
Fiduciary-Professionals 19.58- 19.62
Disclosure by Professionals Not Owing Fiduciary Duties 19.64-19.71
C. Records and Information Relating to Minors 19.72
Access to Records ¶
19.72- 19.82
Right to Information ¶ 19.83-19.113
D. Records and Information of Incompetent Adult ¶
19.114-19.115
E. Requiring Disclosure to Third Parties 19.116-19.117
Top of page
A. Public Law Duty 20.01
When a Public Law Duty to Warn Might Arise 20.04
Impact of the Human Rights Act 1998 20.05
B. Private Law Duty 20.06
Risk of Bodily Harm 20.07-20.22
Child and Elder Abuse
¶
20.23-20.27
Risk of HIV Infection ¶
20.28-20.36
Genetic Conditions 20.37-20.39
Risk of Non-Violent Crime or Fraud 20.40-20.41
Top of page
A. Disclosure to the Employer 21.02
Employer Access to Confidential Client Information
¶
21.02-21.16
B. Disclosure Outside
the Workplace 21.17
The Professional's Obligation of Confidentiality to the
Employer ¶ 21.17-
21.22
Whistleblowing ¶
21.23- 21.28
European Convention on Human Rights, Article 10 ¶
21.29-21.30
C. Employer's Responsibilities for Employee's Disclosures 21.31
Civil Liability for Breach of Confidence by an
Employee 21.31-21.36
D. Partnerships ¶
21.37-21.39
Top of page
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