Undergraduate Degrees

BSc Environmental Sciences with a Year in Europe ( F902 )

UCAS Course Code:: F902
Duration:: 4 years
Attendance:: Full Time
Award:: Degree of Bachelor of Science
School of Study:: Environmental Sciences
Brochure:: School of Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Brochure (PDF)
Typical A-Level Offer:: ABB

Overview
Why Choose Us
Course Profile
Year Abroad
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Every person alive is profoundly influenced by their environment every day but how well do you understand your environment and how it is affecting you?

Here in the oldest and largest School of Environmental Sciences in the UK we will help you to learn how the social, biological, physical and chemical components of your environment interact together to influence your life.

You will acquire a wide range of skills that will enable you to apply the most rigorous scientific analyses to current problems caused by the way in which mankind is changing our environment at a greater rate than ever before.

The Year in Europe programme involves four years of study with the first two years at UEA following the BSc Environmental Sciences programme. The third year is spent at a University abroad. You return for your fourth year to UEA and complete the final year modules from the BSc Environmental Sciences.

The first year provides a very broad platform that ensures you have all the necessary building blocks to choose, from the very wide range listed below, a combination of honours units that best suit your individual interests.

This pathway is accredited by the Institution of Environmental Sciences. Students will be eligible for Associate Membership of the IES upon graduation, with the opportunity of achieving Chartered Environmentalist (CEnv) or Chartered Scientist (CSci) status.

Study Environmental Sciences at UEA and find out the answers to the following questions and many more...

What is the geological evidence for climate change?
How has the Earth changed over the last 2.5 million years?
How does pollution affect human health and well-being?
Can we predict the outcome of pollution many years in the future
What is biodiversity?
What is the philosophy behind the conservation of biodiversity?
How are international environmental treaties formed?
What are the political issues preventing a world wide reduction in greenhouse gas emissions?
Can we predict future climate change and its effects?
How would a volcanic eruption affect the global climate?
What drives the circulation of the atmosphere and oceans?
What is El Nino?
How can we reduce our energy consumption in the western world?
What are the environmental impacts of non-fossil fuels?
How are the risks of flooding reduced?
Can farmed land be managed to promote biodiversity and sustainability?
How can the environment be accounted for within an economic system?
What happens inside an erupting volcano?
Does ozone depletion have any implications for human health?

Field Course Options

Field courses and practical classes are an integral part of training our environmental science students. You will be introduced to many different geological environments, ecological habitats and learn a variety of practical techniques using specialist equipment through the wide range of field courses available.

Course Organiser:Dr. Jenni Barclay

Environmental science is a rapidly progressing, vibrant and exciting field of study with excellent career prospects in the UK and beyond.

Environmental Science is a modern scientific discipline that will have a profound effect on human society as environmental concerns become paramount at the beginning of the 21st century.

A human population of over 6 billion demands energy, transport, and technology, while climate change threatens the security of the most vulnerable peoples on the planet. Management of pollution and waste is essential to protect human health. Global environment change is eroding the planets biological diversity. Natural hazards threaten infrequent but catastrophic disasters.

Solving these urgent problems requires the expertise of trained environmental scientists. In ENV you will be trained to understand the complex interactions of human society with the bio-geosphere and to provide solutions for enhanced industry and sustainable economies. Inter-disciplinary scientists are needed to communicate the solutions and influence policy at local, national and global scales.

Volcanology, seismology, ecology, conservation, meteorology, oceanography, environmental economics, environmental politics, geochemistry, soil science, climate change and energy resources are just a few of the subjects you could study. Whether you choose to study a broad range of the environmental sciences or specialise in one field, you can be sure that your degree will be challenging and inspiring from beginning to end.

In the 2012 National Student Survey, the School of Environmental Sciences at UEA gained a 96% satisfaction rate, putting the department at joint 5th in the UK, above universities like Southampton and Exeter. Teaching was a particular highlight of the survey, and as a School, Environmental Sciences came in joint 2nd with a rating of 97% satisfaction.

Compulsory Study (90 credits)

Students must study the following modules for 90 credits:

Name	Code	Credits
ATMOSPHERE AND OCEAN	ENV-1A56	10
This module studies the physical processes occurring in the atmosphere and ocean, with emphasis on the links between the two. Radiation from the Sun and its effect on the Earth. Structure and circulation of the atmosphere. Ocean currents and the thermohaline circulation. Hydrostatic equation and pressure forces. Stability, air masses and fronts. Coriolis force and geostrophy. The effect of the wind on the ocean. Hydrological cycle. If you have not taken 1A25 Forces of Nature, a little background reading will help on concepts such as pressure, density, buoyancy and Coriolis force. Taught in the second half of semester.
BIODIVERSITY IN A CHANGING WORLD	ENV-1A26	10
Briefly introduces a wide range of major topics in conservation ecology, coupled with concepts relevant to the structure and functioning of the rapidly changing biosphere, from ecosystem, through community, population, behavioural, physiological to molecular ecology and conservation genetics. PREFERENCE WILL BE GIVEN TO STUDENTS REGISTERED IN THE SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, AND ECOLOGY STUDENTS. Taught in second half of semester.
DYNAMIC EARTH	ENV-1A67	10
The structure and behaviour of our dynamic planet are investigated. The module is underpinned by the theory of Plate Tectonics as a means of explaining Earth��s remarkable physiographic features, such as mountain belts and volcanoes and it also considers how processes of erosion and deposition modify them. The Module will introduce geological time and the 4.6 billion year record of changing conditions. It will introduce geological materials, resources and hazards. No prior knowledge of geology is assumed.
FORCES OF NATURE	ENV-1A25	10
The understanding of natural systems and environmental technologies is often underpinned by physical laws and processes. ��Forces of nature�� explores the most important of these (energy, mechanics, physical properties of Earth materials) and their relevance to environmental science using examples from across the Earth��s differing systems. This module forms an important building block for many modules that follow it.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES	ENV-1A29	20
What are the most pressing environmental challenges facing the world today? How do we understand these problems through cutting-edge environmental science research? What are the possibilities for building sustainable solutions to address them in policy and society? In this module you will tackle these questions by taking an interdisciplinary approach to consider challenges relating to climate change, biodiversity, water resources, natural hazards, and technological risks. In doing so you will gain an insight into environmental science research ��in action�� and develop essential academic study skills needed to explore these issues. Please note this module is only available for ENV students and BIO Ecology students only.
RESEARCH & FIELD SKILLS 1	ENV-1A41	10
This module introduces a range of transferable skills, tools and data resources that are widely used in research across the Environmental Sciences. The aim is to provide a broad understanding of the research process by undertaking different activities that involve i) formulating research questions, ii) collecting data using appropriate sources and techniques, iii) collating and evaluating information and iv) presenting results. The module will include the use of GPS, satellite remote sensing and digital mapping technologies, whilst also emphasising self and peer assessment of research activities.
RESEARCH & FIELD SKILLS 2	ENV-1A42K	10
This module builds upon the range of transferable skills and techniques introduced in Research & Field Skills 1. There are two main components. The first will introduce the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS), explaining the main analysis techniques with applications from across the Environmental Sciences. The second component will be a 6 day fieldcourse to be held at Slapton Ley, Devon during the last week of the Easter break. During the fieldcourse students will have the opportunity to apply skills learnt earlier in other modules, gain experience with new field techniques and undertake a small group project of their own choice. Assessment of the fieldcourse will be based on a poster presentation of this project work. THIS MODULE IS AVAILABLE ONLY TO STUDENTS REGISTERED IN THE SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. Taught in the first half of semester.
SUSTAINABILITY AND SOCIETY	ENV-1A28	10
Striking a balance between societal development, economic growth and environmental protection has proven difficult and controversial. The terms ��sustainability�� and ��sustainable development�� have been used in attempts to reconcile these three areas. Yet the ill-defined and contradictory nature of these concepts has also hampered their implementation. This module considers sustainability in theory and practice by examining the relationships between environment and society, through the contributions of a variety of social science disciplines. Taught in the first half of semester.

Option A Study (20 credits)

Students will select 20 credits from the following modules:

Name	Code	Credits
MATHEMATICS FOR SCIENTISTS 1	ENV-1A61	10
This module is designed for those students with good maths and a Grade C or above in 'A' level Mathematics. Topics include differentiation and integration, Taylor and Maclaurin series, complex numbers, vector algebra, partial differentiations. Previous knowledge of calculus is assumed.
MATHEMATICS FOR SCIENTISTS II	ENV-1A62	10
This module is the second in a series of four mathematical modules for students across the Faculty of Science. It continues the basic calculus of ENV-1A61 into the study of ordinary differential equations that are used to mathematically model many different systems across the sciences, and the use of further integrals to calculate lengths of lines, surface areas, and volumes. Power series expansions are used to represent and simplify functions, and an introduction to complex numbers is given. There is a continuing emphasis on applied examples, and the use of numerical computing software (Matlab).
NUMERICAL SKILLS FOR SCIENTISTS I	ENV-1A51	10
Designed for students who have not achieved Grade C or above in A level mathematics or equivalent, this module will introduce essential mathematics (reading graphs, logs, exponentials, concept of rate of change, manipulating formulae) and statistics (distributions, tests of differences and association). Statistical and numerical skills will also be embedded in other level 1 modules in Environmental Sciences via lecture material and practical classes.
NUMERICAL SKILLS FOR SCIENTISTS II	ENV-1A52	10
Designed to follow Numerical Skills for Scientists I, this module will reinforce and build on the mathematics and statistics taught in Semester 1, continuing numerical exposure through the year so that students are better prepared for level 2 modules in Environmental Sciences. Statistical and numerical skills will also be embedded in other level 1 modules in Environmental Sciences via lecture material and practical classes.

Option B Study (10 credits)

Students will select 10 credits from the following modules:

Name	Code	Credits
EARTH'S CHEMICAL PROCESSES 1	ENV-1A32	10
This module provides an introduction to chemical processes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, seawater, soils, sediments and rocks. Both the natural and anthropogenically perturbed system will be considered. This module assumes no previous chemical knowledge and will include a basic chemistry component. Students with previous experience of chemistry (A, AS level or equivalent) should take Environmental Chemistry 2.
EARTH'S CHEMICAL PROCESSES II	ENV-1A34	10
This module provides an introduction to chemical processes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, seawater, soils, sediments and rocks. Both the natural and anthropogenically perturbed system will be considered. Students taking this module are expected to have previous experience of Chemistry at A, AS Levels or equivalent. Taught in the second half of semester.

Option A Study (100 credits)

Students will select 100 credits from the following modules:

Name	Code	Credits
"DISSERTATION LANGUAGE, SOCIETY & CULTURE"	LCS-MD0X	90
The dissertation is a compulsory requirement for all taught MA programmes. Work on the dissertation is begun at the end of the 2nd teaching semester. The choice of research topic for the dissertation is made by the students in consultation with their course convenor and/or supervisor (students normally receive four hours of supervision in all over the period of supervision).
ADVANCED TRANSLATION (FRENCH TO ENGLISH)	LCS-3T47	20
This module is open to second-year LCS students with (near) native competence in French and/or visiting/exchange students who can work with French. It is an advanced course based on the Chartered Institute of Linguists' Diploma in Translation. The subject areas will be general translation with annotation, advertising, science or technology, and literature. Assessment commensurate with credit value.
AN INTRODUCTION TO LATIN AMERICAN FILM	LCS-2H57	20
Recent Latin American films like the Mexican 'Love's A Bitch' and the Brazilian 'City of God' have received critical acclaim at home and abroad and have been great commercial successes. This module takes these films as its starting point and moves on to offer a survey of Latin American cinema up to the present day, including golden age, 'pulp' cinema and horror genres, political cinema, recent co-productions, the cinema of 'smaller' countries, and grassroots video work.
AN INTRODUCTION TO POPULAR CULTURE IN LATIN AMERICA	LCS-1H34	20
From salsa to samba, football to fiesta, telenovelas to tex mex: Latin American popular cultures combine indigenous, African and European elements to produce vibrant experiences. In this module we will explore theories and forms of popular culture in order to gain a deeper understanding of the peoples, history and politics of Latin America.
AQUATIC ECOLOGY	ENV-2A01	20
An analysis of how biological, chemical and physical influences shape the biological communities of rivers, lakes and estuaries in temperate and tropical regions. There is an important practical component to this module and the first of the three pieces of written work involves statistical analysis of class data. The module fits well with other ecology modules and can also be taken alongside geochemical, sedimentological or hydrological modules. The module may also appeal to students with interests in international development. Pre-requisite requirements: A first-year ecology module in either ENV or in the School of Biological Sciences or an A-level in a biological subject or a biologically biased access course plus familiarity with basic statistics and data analysis.
AQUATIC ECOLOGY (CW)	ENV-2A01C	20
An analysis of how biological, chemical and physical influences shape the biological communities of rivers, lakes and estuaries in temperate and tropical regions. There is an important practical component to this module and the first of the three pieces of written work involves statistical analysis of class data. The module fits well with other ecology modules and can also be taken alongside geochemical, sedimentological or hydrological modules. The module may also appeal to students with interests in international development. Pre-requisite requirements: An academic background in ecology at first year undergraduate level plus familiarity with basic statistics and data analysis.
ASPECTS OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE	LCS-2F51	20
This module provides an introduction to selected aspects of the French language, from the structure of words and sentences to types of variation. Topics include: varieties of French, phonetics/phonology, morphology and etymology, gender, collocations, contrastive French/English syntax, tense and aspect, modality, spoken and written French, non-standard French and other registers. The lecture is shared with LCSU2F01/LCS-2F03. There is also a two-hour seminar for this module. A-Level French or equivalent is essential.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND GLOBAL CHANGE	ENV-2A37	20
Atmospheric chemistry and global change are in the news: stratospheric ozone depletion, acid rain, climate change, photochemical smog, global-scale air pollution, etc. This module covers the fundamental chemical principles and processes involving gases and particles in Earth��s changing atmosphere. It comprises lectures, problem solving classes, practical and computing labs, as well as a field trip to UEA's own atmospheric observatory in Weybourne/North Norfolk.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND GLOBAL CHANGE (CW)	ENV-2A37C	20
Coursework only version of ENV-2A37 - NB reserved for autumn semester visiting students and those students taking ENV-2G02 Semester in Australia.
BEGINNERS' ARABIC I	LCSU1OA1	20
This is the first part of a beginners' course in Arabic assuming no prior knowledge of the language. The module aims to develop the ability to use Arabic effectively in everyday practical situations with speakers of Arabic both in the UK and overseas. Cannot be taken by final-year LLT students. Alternative and additional slots may be available, depending on enrolment.
BEGINNERS' ARABIC II/IMPROVERS	LCSU1OA2	20
This is the second part of a beginners' course in Arabic following on from Beginners' Arabic I (LCSU1OA1). Students with a GCSE grade C or below (or equivalent experience) may join this module. Alternative slots may be available, depending on student numbers.
BEGINNERS' CHINESE I	LCSU1OC1	20
A beginners' course in Chinese assuming no prior knowledge of the language. The module aims to develop a basic knowledge of Chinese for practical communicative purposes in everyday situations with speakers of Chinese. Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students.
BEGINNERS' CHINESE II	LCSU1OC2	20
A continuation of the beginners' course in Chinese I (LCSU1OC1). Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LCS students.
BEGINNERS' FRENCH I	LCSU1F11	20
A beginners' course in French assuming no, or very little, prior knowledge of the language. Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. (NB: Alternative slots available depending on student numbers.) If you have GCSE or equivalent, you are not eligible. This is an intensive course designed to bring students to GCSE Level in two semesters. Much work is expected to be done at home, listening to tapes and grammar exercises, for consolidation.
BEGINNERS' FRENCH I (SPRING START)	LCSU1F14	20
This module is for students at beginners' level who have little or no prior experience of French. The module will develop students' reading, writing, listening and speaking skills. The aim is to equip students with the linguistic understanding of a number of real life situations, as well as the ability to communicate effectively in those situations. There will also be opportunities to explore aspects of the cultures where French is spoken. Particular emphasis is placed on acquiring a sound knowledge of grammar. This module has three contact hours per week.
BEGINNERS' FRENCH II	LCSU1F12	20
A continuation of the beginners' course in French (LCSU1F11). Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LCS students. Students with a GCSE grade C or below (or equivalent experience) may join this module. LCS students in this category must then take Intermediate French I (LCSU2F95) to fulfil their 40-credit requirement. (Alternative slots may be available depending on student numbers). This module has three contact hours per week.
BEGINNERS' GERMAN I	LCSU1G11	20
A beginners' course in German assuming no prior knowledge of the language. Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students.
BEGINNERS' GERMAN II	LCSU1G12	20
A continuation of the beginners' course in German (LLTU1G11). Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. Students with a GCSE grade B or below (or equivalent experience) may join this module. LLT students in this category must then take Intermediate German I (LLTU2G97) to fulfil their 40-credit requirement.
BEGINNERS' GREEK I	LCSU1OG1	20
A beginners' course in Greek assuming no prior knowledge of the language. Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students.
BEGINNERS' GREEK II	LCSU1OG2	20
A continuation of the beginners' course in Greek (LLTU1OG1). Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. Students with a GCSE grade C or below (or equivalent experience) may join this module. LLT students in this category must then take Intermediate I to fulfil their 40-credit requirement.
BEGINNERS' ITALIAN I	LCSU1OI1	20
A beginners' course in Italian assuming no prior knowledge of the language. Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. NB. Additional slots may be available depending on enrolment. Orals are arranged separately.
BEGINNERS' ITALIAN II	LCSU1OI2	20
A continuation of the beginners' course in Italian (LLTU1OI1). Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. Students with a GCSE grade C or below (or equivalent experience) may join this module. LLT students in this category must then take Intermediate I to fulfil their 40-credit requirement. NB: Additional slots may be available depending on enrolment. Orals are arranged separately.
BEGINNERS' JAPANESE I	LCSU1OJ1	20
A beginners' course in Japanese assuming no prior knowledge of the language. Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. Alternative groups may be available at C56 or D4DX depending on enrolment.
BEGINNERS' JAPANESE I (SPRING START)	LCSU1OJ4	20
This module is for students at beginners' level who have little or no prior experience of Japanese. The module will develop students' reading, writing, listening and speaking skills. The aim is to equip students with the linguistic understanding of a number of real life situations, as well as the ability to communicate effectively in those situations. There will also be opportunities to explore aspects of the cultures where Japanese is spoken. Particular emphasis is placed on acquiring a sound knowledge of grammar. This module has three contact hours per week.
BEGINNERS' JAPANESE II	LCSU1OJ2	20
A continuation of the beginners' course in Japanese (LLTU1OJ1). Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. Students with a GCSE grade C or below (or equivalent experience) may join this module. LLT students in this category must then take Intermediate I to fulfil their 40-credit requirement. Alternative groups may be available at C56 or D4DX depending on enrolment.
BEGINNERS' RUSSIAN I	LCSU1OR1	20
A beginners' course in Russian assuming no previous knowledge of the language. Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students.
BEGINNERS' RUSSIAN II	LCSU1OR2	20
A continuation of the beginners' course in Russian (LLTU1OR1). Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. Students with a GCSE grade C or below (or equivalent experience) may join this module. LLT students in this category must then take Intermediate Russian I (LLTU2OR1) to fulfil their 40-credit requirement.
BEGINNERS' SPANISH I	LCSU1H11	20
A beginners' course in Spanish assuming little or no prior knowledge of the language. Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. (Orals are arranged separately.)
BEGINNERS' SPANISH I (SPRING START)	LCSU1H14	20
A repeat of module LCSU1H11 for those who wish to start their course in the Spring. This module is not available to LCS students.
BEGINNERS' SPANISH II	LCSU1H12	20
A continuation of LLTU1H11. Can be taken in any year, but not by final-year LLT students. Also available to otherwise qualified people at module organiser's discretion. LLT students in this category must then take Intermediate I to fulfil their 40-credit requirement. (Orals are arranged separately.)
CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY	ENV-2A45	20
Covers the major processes that set the chemical composition of the oceans, the distribution of nutrient, and carbon, the distribution of life in the oceans and the interaction of the oceans and atmosphere. how this interacts with the atmosphere to maintain the global environment of the Earth. Elements of physical oceanography and ocean circulation, of geochemistry, marine biology and global change science are covered.
CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY (CW)	ENV-2A45C	20
Covers the major processes that set the chemical composition of the oceans, the distribution of nutrient, and carbon, the distribution of life in the oceans and the interaction of the oceans and atmosphere. Elements of physical oceanography and ocean circulation, of geochemistry, marine biology and global change science are covered. Coursework only version for Visiting Students.
CLIMATE CHANGE HISTORY, ECONOMICS AND GOVERNANCE (CW)	ENV-2A09C	20
Understanding modern and ancient depositional environments: their processes and products. Economic and environmental aspects of sediments.
CLIMATE CHANGE: SCIENCE AND POLICY	ENV-2A09	20
Understanding modern and ancient depositional environments: their processes and products. Economic and environmental aspects of sediments.
COMMUNITY, ECOSYSTEM AND MACRO-ECOLOGY	BIO-2B26	20
The module will introduce the main concepts in community, ecosystem and macro-ecology – patterns and processes related to species richness, diversity; stability; succession; primary and secondary productivity and energy flows. We will then examine how these concepts aid our understanding of the functioning of terrestrial and marine ecosystems.
CONFLICT IN INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION	LCS-ML23	20
The module introduces students to the study of intercultural conflict, through case studies of miscommunication at the levels of international political terminology, pragmatic strategies, the public representation of cross-cultural conflicts and of migration/multicultural conflicts. The module enables students to apply analytical methods to conflicts in intercultural communication on the basis of applied linguistics (contrastive semantics, pragmatics and sociolinguistics) and cultural studies. By the end of the course students will have an understanding of the linguistic dimensions of conflicts (and their mediation) in intercultural communication.
CONTEMPORARY JAPANESE CULTURE AND SOCIETY FROM NORTH TO SOUTH	LCS-2J03	20
Japan is often seen as a homogenous society, and Japanese themselves sometimes think like this. In reality, however, there are several ethnic minorities and migrant populations living in Japan. Besides, Japanese communities from north to south have developed their own particular cultures and identities. Japan is a multicultural society with different and sometimes conflicting value systems. This module offers a diversity of perspectives on Japan by focusing in on the local cultures of different cities and regions. Its aim is to equip students with good knowledge and understanding of contemporary Japanese identity, culture and society.
DISCOURSE AND POWER	LCS-1L20	20
This module focuses on the role of discourse in the structuring of social relations. Its aim is to show that the linguistic features that make up our texts and verbal exchanges reflect the purpose language is put to in a specific context. Particular consideration is given to the role played by language in producing and maintaining unequal relations among different social groups in different social situations. Students are introduced to the analytical tools that will allow them to undertake their own critical analysis of any texts encountered in the course of their studies and beyond. Presentations of the main concepts and examples are followed by practice sessions in which students analyse a variety of texts.
DISCOURSE AND SOCIETY (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2L91	20
Discourse analysis is concerned with how sequences of sentences can be understood as both coherent and meaningful. Language occurs in specific social situations, among specific social actors and for a variety of purposes. Discourse analysis is concerned with the ways in which language in use is tied to its context. This approach is thus at the heart of the analysis of human interaction in society. This module provides the students with analytical tools that can be fruitfully applied to the study of a variety of texts (e.g. media, advertising, politics, education, business, creative writing) and for a variety of purposes (e.g. developing critical understanding, uncovering ideological bias, reproducing texts successfully in translation and achieving the desired impact through one's own writing). Presentations of the main concepts and examples are followed by practice sessions in which students have the opportunity to analyze a variety of texts both for class discussion and for their final project. This module will be taught by a two hour lecture/seminar.
DISCOURSE AND SOCIETY (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3L47	20
Language occurs in specific social situations, among specific social actors and for a variety of purposes. Meaning is, at least partially, socially constructed through the mediation of language and is constantly being (re) negotiated between language users. Discourse analysis is concerned with the ways in which language in use is tied to its socio-cultural context. This approach is thus at the heart of the analysis of human interaction in society. This module provides the students with the analytical tools that can be fruitfully applied to the study of a variety of texts and verbal exchanges (e.g. media, advertising, politics, education, business, literature) and for a variety of purposes (e.g. developing critical understanding, uncovering ideological bias, reproducing texts successfully in translation and achieving the desired impact through one's own writing). The role of non verbal expressive means (images, sound) is also taken into account. Presentations of the main concepts and examples are followed by practice sessions in which students have the opportunity to analyse a variety of texts both for class discussion and for their final project. Teaching is by a two hour lecture/seminar. Assessment commensurate with level. In addition to the timetabled seminar, a further contact hour will be arranged for level 3 students.
DISSERTATION COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGE STUDIES	LCS-MD1X	50
The dissertation is a compulsory requirement for all taught MA programmes. Work on the dissertation is begun in the end of the second teaching semester. The choice of research topic is made by the students in consultation with their course convenor and or supervisor. Students receive four hours (group and individual) supervision in all over the period of supervision.
DISSERTATION CONFLICTS IN INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION	LCS-MD5X	90
The dissertation is a compulsory requirement for all taught MA programmes. Work on the dissertation is begun at the end of the second teaching semester. The choice of research topic for the dissertation is made by the students in consultation with their course convenor and/or supervisor (students normally receive up to four hours of supervision in all over the period of supervision).
DISSERTATION FORENSIC LINGUISTICS	LCS-MD4X	90
The dissertation is a compulsory requirement for all taught MA programmes. Work on the dissertation is begun at the end of the second teaching semester. The choice of research topic for the dissertation is made by the students in consultation with their course convenor and/or supervisor (students normally receive up to four hours of supervision in all over the period of supervision).
DISSERTATION IN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE (AUTUMN)	LCS-3C05	20
This module gives students the opportunity to undertake research on a project of their own choosing under the supervision of a member of faculty. The goal is to produce an extended essay (written in English) of 5,000 - 6,000 words which relates in-depth research on a specialist topic relating to wider issues in language and communication studies. The dissertation topic must be agreed by the module organiser by the end of the previous semester. There is no specific timetable slot for the module, arrangements for tutorial meetings being made between the individual tutor and student. This module will be useful preparation for those interested in pursuing post-graduate studies.
DISSERTATION IN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE (SPRING)	LCS-3C06	20
This module gives students the opportunity to undertake research on a project of their own choosing under the supervision of a member of faculty. The goal is to produce an extended essay (written in English) of 5,000 - 6,000 words which relates in-depth research on a specialist topic relating to wider issues in language and communication studies. The dissertation topic must be agreed by the module organiser by the end of the previous semester. There is no specific timetable slot for the module, arrangements for tutorial meetings being made between the individual tutor and student. This module will be useful preparation for those interested in pursuing post-graduate studies.
DISSERTATION LANGUAGE AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION	LCS-MD3X	90
The dissertation is a compulsory requirement for all taught MA programmes. Work on the dissertation is begun at the end of the second teaching semester. The choice of research topic for the dissertation is made by the students in consultation with their course convenor and/or supervisor (students normally receive up to four hours of supervision in all over the period of supervision).
DISSERTATION MAATS	LCS-MD2X	90
The dissertation is a compulsory requirement for all taught MA programmes. Work on the dissertation is begun at the end of the 2nd teaching semester. The choice of research topic for the dissertation is made by the student in consultation with their course convenor and or supervisor (students normally receive four hours of supervision in all over the period of supervision).
EARTH SCIENCE FIELD SKILLS	ENV-2A98K	10
In addition to the laboratory-based skills offered in ENV 2A96 (Earth Science Skills) this module concentrates on Earth Science field observation, description and interpretation. During a residential course you will develop a field skill-set, which is designed for students planning an independent project requiring Earth Science field skills. This module is strongly recommended for Environmental Earth Science students. The primary focus will be on geological mapping, structure and stratigraphy, but this module may include hydrogeological, geochemical and Quaternary techniques depending on field location and staff availability. Assessment is course work only. Students should have completed at least 40 credits of Earth Science or Geophysics modules before taking this module.
EARTH SCIENCE SKILLS	ENV-2A96	10
Good observational and descriptive skills lie at the heart of many areas of Environmental Science. This module is designed to develop those and is particularly suitable for students with interests in Earth and Geophysical Sciences. It will cover generic Earth Science skills of use for projects in this area. The module will include: observing, describing and recording the characteristics of geological materials (hand specimen and under microscope); measuring and representing 3d data, and reading geological maps. It will be taught mostly in laboratory classes and by self-study exercises. Taught in the second half of the semester. Before taking this module you must take or be enrolled on at least 40 credits from this list - ENV-2A12, ENV-2A12K, ENV-2A43, ENV-2A65, ENV-2A25, ENV-2A27, ENV-2A30.
EARTH SYSTEM GEOCHEMISTRY	ENV-2A30	20
Examines how the earth system and its geochemical cycling operate on both global and micro scales. Emphasis is on natural cycles, starting with big themes such as crust-hydrosphere-biosphere interaction and its effects on the long term C cycle, including regulation of carbon dioxide. Elements, isotopes, organic molecules (and their isotopic compositions) are used as tracers of processes and events in earth history. Organic matter, its chemistry and its relationship to both the C and S cycles is explored. Dating of geological materials with radiometric methods is introduced. The course explores themes in both deep time (millions of years) and more recent glacial-interglacial cycles (thousands to hundreds of thousands of years).
EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTISTS	ENV-2B52	10
In this module you will acquire the generic work-ready skills relevant to graduate level employment in the Environmental business sector. The module objectives and content is shaped by consultation with managers of business in the Environmental Sciences sector including Local Government, Providers of Environmental Services and Utilities, Energy Exploration, Sustainable Energy Resources, Conservation and Not-for-profit organisations. These highly desirable work-ready skills that are currently lacking in the majority of graduate students will be taught through a theoretical understanding and supported by practice of skills through environmental case studies that include sessions led by guest speakers associated with a range of Environmental business.
ENGLISH, COMMUNICATION, CULTURE	LCS-MC01	20
The module is intended to refine linguistic and academic competences (oral and or written communication, control of academic registers), and to explore how English operates in a variety of cultural contexts (including the media, critical debate). Skills covered include seminar and presentation skills, note-taking, academic writing, self-directed study and research skills, with application to the theme of communication and language and materials specifically relevant to MA students. An important aim of the module is to familiarise students with the conventions of English academic life and the environment of the university.
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY	ENV-2A92	10
This module is designed to teach skills necessary for the acquisition of good quality chemical data in environmental systems, and in the interpretation of this data. The module will focus on the collection of environmental samples for chemical analysis, methods of chemical analysis and the analytical and mathematical techniques used for data quality control. There will be a large component of practical work. This module will be particularly relevant for those wishing to do a chemistry-related project later in their degree. Taught in the first half of the semester.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS AND POLICY MAKING	ENV-2A06	20
Examines the theoretical and empirical development of environmental politics in modern society (mostly in the European Union) including: the sources of modern environmentalism and its many manifestations in modern policy making systems; the environmental policies of the UK and the European Union; different theories of political power and public policy making; the role of environmental pressure groups and business; global environmental politics and policy making. The module draws heavily on the theoretical interpretation of everyday examples of politics, which are explored in student seminar presentations and in an extended case study (i.e. essay). This module is co-convened by Professor Andrew Jordan and Dr Irene Lorenzoni.
ERASMUS SEMESTER ABROAD	LCS-2X30	60
A compulsory semester abroad for students taking an Honours language programme in three years. Assessment will be in the foreign institution. This module is also available to other students on a 3-year programme who wish to pursue a period of study in a foreign university.
FIELD ECOLOGY	BIO-2B21	20
Students explore the ecology of moorlands, bogs, sand dunes, rocky shores, estuaries and woodlands. Students should develop skills in identifying plants and animals using scientific keys, carrying out quantitative surveys and statistically analysing their data. Strong emphasis is placed on student-lead project work. The bulk of the teaching takes place on a two week field course in Western Ireland, that runs immediately before the start of the Autumn Semester.
FORENSIC LINGUISTICS AND TRANSLATION	LCS-MA08	20
This module is focused on theoretical and practical aspects of the interplay between language and other language-driven activities such as translation and memory in special circumstances of witnessing, experiencing or judging crime and providing expert linguistic testimony and language services such as translating and interpreting. It contextualises the consequences of this relationship within an interactive environment, namely forensic, psycholinguistic and cross-cultural contexts of language use. Another dimension of the course is an emphatic cross-linguistic approach, whereby we assume the latest linguistic typological perspective and discuss the effects of language differences on the kind of information habitually provided in or omitted from reports in one language and translation.
FRANCE THROUGH THE EYE OF A LENS	LCS-2F42	20
This module examines French society from a socio-cultural perspective through film and television. It will enable you to further your knowledge of French culture and society while exposing you to a wide range of audiovisual French language cultural products. The approach will be thematic with a focus on identity and cover issues relating to immigration, education, class, sport, and sexuality, for example. Each theme will be supported by relevant written texts.
FRENCH LANGUAGE IN ACTION (LEVEL 1)	LCS-1F36	20
This module is for students who have A-Level French or equivalent. It is designed to increase your confidence in speaking French in public via the transferable skill of oral performance while enabling you to further your knowledge of French culture and society. You will study and practise delivering oral texts in a number of forms such as news reports, documentary voice-overs, speeches, interviews, songs, stage and film performance texts. The texts studied will have their basis in current affairs in France. The coursework element will involve the devising of your own oral text while the project element will involve the preparation and delivery of an agreed oral text and critical reflection on the process of researching and preparing this text. Assessment commensurate with level.
FRENCH LANGUAGE IN ACTION (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2F36	20
This module is designed to increase your confidence in speaking French in public via the transferable skill of oral performance while enabling you to further your knowledge of French culture and society. You will study and practise delivering oral texts in a number of forms such as news reports, documentary voice-overs, speeches, interviews, songs, stage and film performance texts. The texts studied will have their basis in current affairs in France. The coursework element will involve the devising of your own oral text while the project element will involve the preparation and delivery of an agreed oral text and critical reflection on the process of researching and preparing this text. Assessment commensurate with level.
FRENCH ORAL AND WRITTEN COMPOSITION	LCS-3F13	20
This module is open to second-year LCS students with (near) native competence in French, and/or visiting/exchange students only. It is an academic module designed to systematise and expand linguistic capacities through critical use of existing competence. Main activities: textual analysis, written composition, formal oral presentations. Taught in French and with LCS-3F11. Assessment commensurate with credit value.
FRENCH POST GCSE I	LCS-1F9Y	40
This is a module for students taking their French Honours language degree from a post-GCSE starting point. The need for significant progress in reading, writing, listening and speaking is met with intensive teaching that this module provides. The aim is to equip students with the linguistic understanding of a number of real-life situations, as well as the ability to communicate effectively in those situations. Particular emphasis is also placed on acquiring a sound knowledge of grammar. It is only available to students taking a degree in French from post-GCSE level.
FRENCH POST-GCSE II	LCS-2F7Y	40
This year-long module is for Year 2 post-GCSE entry students and is the continuation of French post-GCSE I. It is designed to build up linguistic proficiency, cultural knowledge and learning skills in preparation for the year abroad.
GEODYNAMICS: EARTH'S ENGINE	ENV-2A43	20
Processes in the Earth’s interior have exerted a profound influence on all aspects of the Earth’s system through geological time. This module is designed to explore all aspects of those processes from the creation and destruction of tectonic plates to the structure of the Earth’s interior and the distribution and dissipation of energy within it. This will include: the theory and mechanisms of plate tectonics, the heat distribution of the Earth’s interior, the generation of magma and volcanism; the mechanisms behind earthquakes and distribution of seismic energy. The geological record of this activity, its evolution and impacts on the Earth will also be discussed.
GEODYNAMICS: EARTH'S ENGINE (CW)	ENV-2A43C	20
Processes in the Earth��s interior have exerted a profound influence on all aspects of the Earth��s system through geological time. This module is designed to explore all aspects of those processes from the creation and destruction of tectonic plates to the structure of the Earth��s interior and the distribution and dissipation of energy within it. This will include: the theory and mechanisms of plate tectonics, the heat distribution of the Earth��s interior, the generation of magma and volcanism; the mechanisms behind earthquakes and distribution of seismic energy. The geological record of this activity, its evolution and impacts on the Earth will also be discussed. THIS IS FOR VISITING STUDENTS ONLY.
GIS SKILLS FOR DISSERTATIONS	ENV-2A94	10
This module focuses on the practical use of GIS for dissertations. After an introductory ‘refresher’ of GIS basics it will review the different techniques that can be used to create and edit data in a GIS, as well as existing digital databases from which map data can be extracted and downloaded. Particular attention will be given to Ordnance Survey mapping for the UK, but other international resources will also be discussed. The module will emphasise issues of error and uncertainty as they apply to spatial data and introduce the use of the ArcGIS ModelBuilder as a way of documenting and efficiently repeating more complex analysis procedures. Assessment will be through a small group project involving the download, integration, analysis and display of spatial data. Taught in the second half of the semester.
HYDROLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY	ENV-2A65	20
An introduction to hydrology and hydrogeology: the basic equations describing fluid movement in groundwater systems will be derived and applied. The main techniques to investigate groundwater flow systems are highlighted. Water circulation within river catchments is discussed by means of the catchment water balance. The physical process represented by each component of the water balance will be covered as well as the current methods of quantifying these fluxes of water within the catchment . Principles of catchment modelling are outlined.
HYDROLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY (CW)	ENV-2A65C	20
An introduction to hydrology and hydrogeology: the basic equations describing fluid movement in groundwater systems will be derived and applied. The main techniques to investigate groundwater flow systems are highlighted. Water circulation within river catchments is discussed by means of the catchment water balance. The physical process represented by each component of the water balance will be covered as well as the current methods of quantifying these fluxes of water within the catchment . Principles of catchment modelling are outlined. Coursework only version for Visiting Students.
INTERACTIONS AND POPULATIONS	ENV-2A35	20
Ecology can be defined as the scientific study of how organisms interact with each other and their physical environment. In this module we will look closely at how interactions between individuals determine the structure and functioning of populations. We will start by considering antagonistic interactions between members of different trophic levels, their evolution and the possible coevolution. The nature of these interactions will be analysed by examining the rules that determine how animals behave while foraging, including evolution of optimal foraging strategies in relation to both diet width and patchy environments. Consideration of competition will lead into the population consequences of both within trophic level and between trophic level interactions. We will examine basic concepts of population ecology- age structure, limits to growth, time delays and density dependence illustrated using simple models and case studies of plant and animal populations set within an evolutionary context. We will move on to consider the role of mutualistic interactions in dispersal processes and spatially explicit population processes including the effect of landscape structure on population dynamics, metapopulation dynamics, ecological mechanisms (dispersal, predation) and community structure. A-level Biology is an acceptable alternative pre-requisite for this module. Please note: you cannot take this module if you have already taken ENV-2A03, BIO-2B03 or ENV-2A28.
INTERACTIONS AND POPULATIONS (CW)	ENV-2A35C	20
Ecology can be defined as the scientific study of how organisms interact with each other and their physical environment. In this module we will look closely at how interactions between individuals determine the structure and functioning of populations. We will start by considering antagonistic interactions between members of different trophic levels, their evolution and the possible coevolution. The nature of these interactions will be analysed by examining the rules that determine how animals behave while foraging, including evolution of optimal foraging strategies in relation to both diet width and patchy environments. Consideration of competition will lead into the population consequences of both within trophic level and between trophic level interactions. We will examine basic concepts of population ecology- age structure, limits to growth, time delays and density dependence illustrated using simple models and case studies of plant and animal populations set within an evolutionary context. We will move on to consider the role of mutualistic interactions in dispersal processes and spatially explicit population processes including the effect of landscape structure on population dynamics, metapopulation dynamics, ecological mechanisms (dispersal, predation) and community structure. A-level Biology is an acceptable alternative pre-requisite for this module. Please note: you cannot take this module if you have already taken ENV-2A03, BIO-2B03 or ENV-2A28. (Alternative assessment version for autumn semester visiting students.)
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION - UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENCES IN A GLOBAL WORLD	LCS-ML25	20
This module is an introduction to some of the fundamental concepts associated with theories of intercultural communication. Since norms of behaviour are culturally defined and varied, the beliefs and values which underlie a culture��s worldview will be examined from a variety of perspectives. Indicative topics are expected to include how culture is defined; models of explanation of cultural difference (such as the theories of Hofstede and Tropenaars); notions of identity (personal, group, national) and ��otherisation��; stereotypes and prejudice; verbal and non-verbal communication; miscommunication and intercultural conflict; acculturation and culture shock, etc. The module is relevant to students from a variety of backgrounds and with varied interests and will provide useful background for the module ��Intercultural Communication in Practice��.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN PRACTICE	LCS-2C02	20
This 20 credit level 2 module explores how students can become more effective communicators in international or multicultural settings by developing their intercultural competence. It introduces them to theoretical approaches to intercultural communication and provides them with opportunities to analyse and understand the basics of effective communication across cultures. Students will be also encouraged to make links between module content and their own experiences and responses by keeping an intercultural journal. Classroom sessions will include small group work, practical activities to explore how theories can be applied in real-life contexts, analysis of case studies, and workshops. During the workshops, invited practitioners will introduce students to how intercultural communication operates in specific organisations, e.g. in government agencies and in multilingual business management. Assessment, which includes a critical report on an authentic intercultural interaction and a class presentation, is commensurate with a 20 credit level 2 module.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN PRACTICE	LCS-3C04	20
This 20 credit level 3 module explores how students can become more effective communicators in international or multicultural settings by developing their intercultural competence. It introduces them to theoretical approaches to intercultural communication and provides them with opportunities to analyse and understand the basics of effective communication across cultures. Students will be also encouraged to make links between module content and their own experiences and responses by keeping an intercultural journal. Classroom sessions will include small group work, practical activities to explore how theories can be applied in real-life contexts, analysis of case studies, and workshops. During the workshops, invited practitioners will introduce students to how intercultural communication operates in specific organisations, e.g. in government agencies and in multilingual business management. Assessment which includes a critical report on an authentic intercultural interaction and a class presentation is commensurate with a 20 credit level 3 module.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN PRACTICE	LCS-ML22	20
This module explores the issues fundamental to intercultural communication (IC) in practical contexts. The theoretical component of the module examines the different ways of thinking about effective communication in a variety of work-based environments. We will also relate theory to the practice of intercultural communication in contextualised workshops. During these workshops, invited practitioners will introduce students to how IC operates in specific organisations, e.g. in government agencies, in multilingual business management, etc. The module is relevant to those wishing to pursue careers in international management and relations, multilingual business and international development; it is also of interest to those who wish to become more effective communicators in other professions such as translation, interpreting, education and cultural mediation.
INTERMEDIATE FRENCH I	LCSU2F95	20
This is an intermediate course in French and is intended for students who have enough pre-A-Level experience of French and wish to develop their knowledge to a standard comparable to A-Level. The module is made up of three elements, each taught for one hour per week: Reading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension, and Grammar. While the emphasis is on comprehension, the speaking and writing of French are also included. The module is not available to students with AS or A-Level French. This module can be taken in any year. (Alternative slots may be available depending on student numbers.)
INTERMEDIATE FRENCH II	LCSU2F96	20
A continuation of LCSU2F95. (Alternative slots may be available depending on student numbers.)
INTERMEDIATE GERMAN I	LCSU2G97	20
An intermediate course in German for students with German GCSE, O-Level or LLTU1G11/12. Includes revision of basic grammar and introduction of new grammar. Not available to students with AS- or A-Level German. Can be taken in any year.
INTERMEDIATE GERMAN II	LCSU2G98	20
A continuation of LLTU2G97. Open for students with AS-Level (below grade C).
INTERMEDIATE GREEK I	LCSU2OG1	20
An intermediate course in Greek for those students who have taken Beginners' Greek I and II or who have a GCSE in the language. This module aims to enable students to build on, and further enhance, existing reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. A key component is the exploration of themes that develop interculturality. Specific aspects of language are revisited and consolidated at a higher level. The emphasis lies on enhancing essential grammar notions and vocabulary areas in meaningful contexts, whilst developing knowledge of contemporary life and society that focuses on culture and current affairs.
INTERMEDIATE GREEK II	LCSU2OG2	20
A continuation of the intermediate course in Greek (LCSU2OG1). This module has three contact hours per week.
INTERMEDIATE RUSSIAN I	LCSU2OR1	20
An intermediate course in Russian for those students who have taken Beginners' Russian I and II or who have a GCSE in the language. This module aims to enable students to build on, and further enhance, existing reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. A key component is the exploration of themes that develop interculturality. Specific aspects of language are revisited and consolidated at a higher level. The emphasis lies on enhancing essential grammar notions and vocabulary areas in meaningful contexts, whilst developing knowledge of contemporary life and society that focuses on culture and current affairs. This module has three contact hours per week.
INTERMEDIATE RUSSIAN II	LCSU2OR2	20
A continuation of the intermediate course in Russian (LCSU2OR1). This module has three contact hours per week.
INTERMEDIATE SPANISH I	LCSU2H11	20
An intermediate course in Spanish for those with no more than GCSE, O-Level or Beginners' Spanish. Begins with an intensive revision of Indicative Mood. Can be taken in any year. 3 hours per week. Orals are arranged separately. Alternative slots available depending on student numbers.
INTERMEDIATE SPANISH II	LCSU2H12	20
A continuation of LLTU2H11. Alternative slots available depending on student numbers.
INTRODUCTION TO BRITISH SIGN LANGUAGE I	LCSU1OB1	20
A beginners' course in British Sign Language assuming no prior knowledge of the language. It is designed to provide students with basic training in communication with deaf people and an awareness of life in the deaf world. Teaching and learning strategies include the use of conversation, role play, dialogue and video work. Assessment is based on a number of sign language tasks and tests plus one short essay. Can be taken in any year. Alternative groups may be available depending on student numbers. Students will have to attend one of the groups which will be taught on Mondays, 10.00 am - 12.30 pm (B2B3E4), 1.30 pm - 4.00 pm (C5C6C7) or 5.00 pm - 7.30 pm ( A910EY), subject to student enrolment/timetables.
INTRODUCTION TO BRITISH SIGN LANGUAGE I (SPRING START)	LCSU1OB4	20
A beginners' course in British Sign Language assuming no prior knowledge of the language. It is designed to provide students with basic training in communication with deaf people and an awareness of life in the deaf world. Teaching and learning strategies include the use of conversation, role play and dialogue. Assessment is based on a number of sign language tasks and tests plus one short essay. Can be taken in any year. Alternative groups may be available depending on student numbers. These groups would be taught on Mondays from 10.00 - 12.30 pm (B2B3E4) or 5.00 - 7.30 pm ( A9A10EY) subject to student enrolments.
INTRODUCTION TO BRITISH SIGN LANGUAGE II	LCSU1OB2	20
A continuation of Introduction to British Sign Language I (LCSU1OB1). Alternative groups may be available depending on student numbers. Students will have to attend one of the groups which will be taught on Mondays at any of the following timeslots: 10.00 am - 12.30 pm (B2B3E4), 1.30 pm - 4.00 pm (C5C6C7) and 5.00 pm - 7.30 pm (A9A10EY), subject to student enrolment/timetables.
INTRODUCTION TO CONFERENCE INTERPRETING	LCS-3T51	20
This module is offered to final year undergraduates with no prior formal interpreting training. Its aim is to equip students with conference interpreting skills as well as to enhance linguistic and cultural knowledge in order to improve their ability to reflect on the process of interpreting in a multicultural world. The course is taught in a Sanako digital language laboratory and consists of 4 hours of contact time per week. The module covers on-sight, consecutive and simultaneous interpreting skills as well as the non-verbal elements of importance to communication such as pitch, intonation, body language etc. The content of the module is EU oriented and includes topics such as human rights, peace processes and racism and xenophobia. The skills based approach of this course provides effective academic learning and has high employability credentials as it develops transferable skills in demand in the professional world such as good concentration, active listening, flexibility, confidence and self-presentation. Although students will practice interpreting from Spanish or French into English and from English into Spanish or French, they will be assessed on interpreting into their mother tongue.
INTRODUCTION TO JAPANESE POPULAR CULTURE	LCS-1J02	20
Japanese popular culture is becoming increasingly influential around the world. Important current manifestations are J-Pop (Japanese popular music), manga, anime, cospre (costume-play), computer games, and ketai-shosetsu (short novels for mobile phones). For understanding young Japanese and their relation to society, knowledge of Japanese popular culture is key. The aim of this module is to make students familiar with contemporary Japanese mass culture through consumption experiences, case studies and their analysis from socio-anthropological and historical perspectives.
INTRODUCTION TO LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION STUDIES	LCS-1E05	20
This module provides an environment for LCS students to develop the core academic skills, attributes and knowledge necessary to make the most of their study at university. Key themes in the study of language, culture and intercultural communication will be visited, allowing exploration of learning, study and academic writing strategies and skills with the aim of developing effective, self-supporting learning and communication. Presentation will be via a variety of lectures, workshops and seminars. AVAILABLE ONLY TO LCS FIRST YEAR STUDENTS.
INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC SERVICE INTERPRETING	LCS-3T58	20
This module is offered to final year undergraduates with no prior formal interpreting training. Its aim is to equip students with public service interpreting skills as well as to enhance linguistic and cultural knowledge in order to improve their ability to reflect on the process of interpreting as a multicultural world. For students also enrolled on the Autumn semester Introduction to Conference Interpreting module, it will provide the opportunity to hone their skills whilst introducing new topics in different settings, such as liaison interpreting during a police interview. This course in a Sanko digital language laboratory and consists of 4 hours of contact time per week. The module covers on-sight, consecutive and simultaneous interpreting skills as well as the non-verbal elements of importance to communication such as pitch, intonation, body language, etc. The content of the module focuses on medical and legal settings. The skills based approach of this course provides effective academic training and has high employability credentials as it develops transferable skills in demand in the professional world such as good concentration, active listening, flexibility, confidence and self-presentation. Students will be assessed on interpreting both into and out of their mother tongue. It is essential that students are at native speaker level in at least one of the following languages: English; Spanish or French.
JAPAN THROUGH THE EYE OF A LENS	LCS-2J02	20
This module examines Japanese society and politics through Japanese film and TV programmes. It will enable you to further your knowledge of Japanese language and cultural products. How, for example, did Japanese TV respond to the catastrophic Tohoku earthquake in 2011? How did new programmes report this tragic fact, and how did Japanese politicians react to emerging issues? What attitudes about gender and family do popular Japanese dramas reflect? In this module we aim to understand Japanese modern life, identity and policy. Each theme will be supported by relevant written texts.
JAPANESE AB INITIO HONOURS II	LCS-2J6Y	40
This year-long module is for year two Ab Initio students and is the continuation of LCS-1J5Y Ab Initio Honours I. This module aims to enable students to build on and further enhance existing reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. It is designed to build up linguistic proficiency, cultural knowledge and learning skills in preparation for the year abroad. Specific aspects of language are revisited and consolidated at a higher level. The emphasis lies on enhancing essential grammar notions and vocabulary areas in meaningful context, whilst developing knowledge of contemporary life and society that focuses on culture and current affairs.
JAPANESE AB-INITIO HONOURS I	LCS-1J5Y	60
This is a module for students taking their Japanese Honours language degree from an ab initio starting point. The need for significant progress in reading, writing, listening and speaking is met with the intensive teaching that this module provides. The aim is to equip students with the linguistic understanding of a number of real-life situations, as well as the ability to communicate effectively in those situations. Particular emphasis is also placed on acquiring a sound knowledge of grammar. This module caters for beginners' level entrants and is only available to students in LCS.
JAPANESE FILM ADAPTATION: LITERATURE, MANGA AND NOVELIZATION	LCS-3J01	20
While the adaptation of literature or comic into film can be seen in other countries, the reverse process in which films are frequently adapted back into novels (novelize) or manga, written by different authors, is a pattern particular to Japan. In this module we will first examine different case studies of this phenomenon, and then demonstrate how it can be analysed and understood as a case of intralingual translation. These will include, for example, "Departures" (2008, Original title: "Okuribito", Oscar as Best Foreign Language Film), and "Nodame Cantabile" (2009 and 2010), and "Nana" (2005). In this module, students will learn about current views on intralingual translation in general and about its practice as a mass-phenomenon in the Japanese setting.
JAPANESE HONOURS LANGUAGE 3/1 - READINGS ON MODERN JAPAN	LCS-3J11	20
In this module the students develop deep skills in the reading and understanding of the Japanese language. Students will read Japanese modern literature, newspapers, historical documents, and philosophy. While understanding and discussing such literature in Japanese, students will develop a deeper understanding of the language and learn how to use it for debate. They will become ready to use Japanese at academic level.
JAPANESE HONOURS LANGUAGE 3/11	LCS-3J12	20
This module, which is compulsory for all final year Japanese Honours students, aims to enhance translation skills and will involve both Japanese to English and English into Japanese translation, including sight-translation based on a variety of text types.
JAPANESE POST GCSE II	LCS-2J7Y	40
This year long module is for Year 2 post-GCSE entry students and is the continuation of LCS-1J7Y Post-GCSE I. It is designed to build up linguistic proficiency, cultural knowledge and learning skills in preparation for the year abroad.
JAPANESE POST-GCSE I	LCS-1J7Y	40
This is a module for students taking their Japanese Honours language degree from a post-GCSE starting point. The need for significant progress in reading, writing, listening and speaking is met with the intensive teaching that this module provides. The aim is to equip students with the linguistic understanding of a number of real-life situations, as well as the ability to communicate effectively in those situations. Particular emphasis is also placed on acquiring a sound knowledge of grammar. It is only available to students taking a degree in Japanese from post-GCSE level.
LANGUAGE AND GENDER	LCS-2L64	20
This module explores a variety of matters relating to language and its relationship to questions of gender and sexuality. Do men and women use language differently? Are the genders represented differentially in language and what might this show about socio-cultural ideologies and power structures? Is linguistic behaviour used to create and construct gender and sexual identities? Consideration will include such issues as stereotypical ideas of gendered language, sexist language, how same-sex conversations differ from mixed-sex conversations, how children are linguistically socialised into their gender categories, whether men are from Mars and women from Venus, and so on. Discussion and reading will be informed by a wide variety of ideas from fields such as anthropology, psychology, biology, sociology, and politics (especially feminism).
LANGUAGE AND GENDER (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3L52	20
This module explores a variety of matters relating to language and its relationship to questions of gender and sexuality. Do men and women use language differently? Are the genders represented differentially in language and what might this show about socio-cultural ideologies and power structures? Is linguistic behaviour used to create and construct gender and sexual identities? Consideration will include such issues as stereotypical ideas of gendered language, sexist language, how same-sex conversations differ from mixed-sex conversations, how children are linguistically socialised into their gender categories, whether men are from Mars and women from Venus, and so on. Discussion and reading will be informed by a wide variety of ideas from fields such as anthropology, psychology, biology, sociology, and politics (especially feminism). Assessment commensurate with level. In addition to the timetabled seminar, some further contact hours will be arranged for level 3 students.
LANGUAGE AND POLITICS	LCS-2L28	20
This module provides an opportunity for students to investigate a particular aspect of language - the use and control of a language in relation to power, both within formal political institutions and in the broader public sphere. The module looks at the linkage between language and nation, at censorship, propaganda, patriotism and xenophobia. It places particular emphasis on the acquisition of linguistic tools that will enhance students' ability to analyse varieties of political discourse in action, including parliamentary discourse, political speeches and the numerous forms of media involvement in political processes.
LANGUAGE AND POLITICS (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3L48	20
This module seeks to provide an understanding of, and an opportunity to investigate, a particular aspect of language - the use and control of language in relation to power, within formal political institutions, in the broader public sphere and indeed in the private sphere. The module looks at the linkage between language and nation, at propaganda and the (mis)representation of the world. It places particular emphasis on the acquisition of linguistic tools that will enhance your ability to analyse varieties of political discourse in action, including speeches and the numerous forms of media involvement in political processes. Presentations of the main concepts and examples are linked with practice sessions in which students have the opportunity to analyse a variety of texts. We will use frequent practical analysis exercises to test and challenge the theories of language use and the practices of politics focusing on both historical and contemporary situations and data. The module encourages students to develop, practice and test a range of skills, including: being able to consider, analyse and challenge critically the ideas and practices of themselves and others; taking part in teamwork; presenting ideas and analytical outcomes. By the end of the module, you should be able to understand and engage with politics (and language itself) in a new way. Assessment commensurate with level. In addition to the timetabled seminar, some further contact hours will be arranged for level 3 students.
LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2L44	20
Different social groups and different speech situations give rise to a remarkable range of linguistic variety. In this module we will explore the kind of factors that govern such variety, the social meanings and ideologies with which it is associated, and some techniques of research. Issues covered include: language and social class, language and gender, language and education, code-switching, pidgins and creoles. Examples given are drawn from socio-linguistic practices in Britain and a variety of other cultural contexts. You are introduced to the main concepts and studies and given opportunities for class discussion. You are expected to make your own contribution by researching a particular area of interest. This module will be taught by a two hour lecture/seminar.
LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3L46	20
Different social groups and different speech situations give rise to a remarkable range of linguistic variety. In this module we will explore the kind of factors that govern such variety, the social meanings and ideologies with which it is associated, and some approaches to research. Issues covered include: language and social class, language and gender, language and education, code-switching, multilingualism and politeness. Examples given are drawn from socio-linguistic practices in Britain and a variety of other cultural contexts. You are introduced to the main concepts and studies and given opportunities for class discussion. You are expected to make your own contribution by researching a particular area of interest for a class presentation and the project. The module does not assume knowledge of a second language and is relevant to students majoring in political, socio-cultural and media studies as well as to language students. In addition to the two hour lecture/seminar a further hour will be timetabled and dedicated particularly to the exploration of language and identity, leading to the development of the project.
LANGUAGE IN ACTION (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2L71	20
This module deals with the ways in which people use language to communicate in real life and it addresses some of the questions you may have wondered about if you are curious about the way language works in practice. It is concerned, for example, with the way in which simply speaking certain words ('I do') actually changes the state of social play. Questions addressed include: what are people doing when they engage in 'conversation'? Why is communication still problematic even when I am fluent in a foreign language? How does a word like 'this' refer to different things? How do we create implied meanings without actually saying what we mean? The main theoretical concepts are introduced and illustrated and ample opportunity is then given to the students to contribute and discuss their own examples to show how the concepts apply in different situations and in different cultural/linguistic environments. This module is relevant not only to language students but also to those students who are generally interested in communication. This module will be taught by a two hour lecture/seminar.
LANGUAGE IN ACTION (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3L45	20
This module addresses some of the questions you may have wondered about if you are curious about the way language works in practice. It is concerned, for example, with the way in which simply speaking certain words ('I do') actually changes the state of social play. Questions addressed include: what are people doing when they engage in 'conversation'? Why is communication still problematic even when I am fluent in a foreign language? How does a word like 'this' refer to different things? How do we create implied meanings without actually saying what we mean? The main theoretical concepts are introduced and illustrated and ample opportunity is then given to the students to contribute and discuss their own examples to show how the concepts apply in different situations and in different cultural/linguistic environments. This module is relevant not only to language students but also to those students who are generally interested in communication. Assessment commensurate with level. In addition to the timetabled seminar, a further contact hour will be arranged for level 3 students.
LANGUAGE ISSUES IN A GLOBAL MULTILINGUAL CONTEXT	LCS-MC02	20
This module focuses on language-related issues associated with the globalisation of communication and the media. It considers a range of materials - texts and their translation(s), multilingual sources of information (e.g. global news, consumer information, websites), products of audiovisual translation (e.g. subtitling, dubbing, voice over), IT mediated or processed texts, etc - to explore issues involved in the transposition and dissemination of (spoken and written) text into other media and other languages across different spheres of activity (e.g. media, politics, culture). Receptive knowledge of at least one language other than the mother tongue required.
LANGUAGE, CULTURE AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION	LCS-1L22	20
There is far more to linguistic communication than just knowing the vocabulary and grammar of a language since interpersonal communication is inseparable from culture. That is, because language is used not only to represent but also create and sustain a speaker's expectations, beliefs, attitudes, practices and moral values about the world, verbal communication always involves a high degree of "cultural business". This becomes especially apparent when communicating with native speakers of a foreign language where different sets of cultural assumptions may lead to misunderstanding. This module aims to equip you with ways of thinking about cultural and intercultural issues which will aid you in becoming more communicatively competent in your foreign languages(s). Initially the content will be aimed at exploring the knowledge and assumptions we have about the socially constructed world exhibited in our own communicative practices before extending these notions to other language cultures. The intention is that this module will enable you to become more effective learners in the particular language culture you will encounter on your Year Abroad.
LANGUAGE: LOOKING INTO THE HUMAN MIND	LCS-1L15	20
Language is not only central to our lives but is also acquired and used with effortless ease. Since no other species is even remotely capable of doing anything similar, this aspect of our minds truly distinguishes us from the rest of the animal kingdom. Investigating the linguistic mind, therefore, offers insights into the very heart of what it is to be human. This is interesting enough in itself but research over the last few decades has shown that this mental capacity is, in fact, far more complex, surprising and intriguing than might at first appear. This module is a non-technical introduction to some of the themes and findings of current work into the nature of the linguistic mind.
LINGUISTIC COMMUNICATION AMONG CULTURES	LCS-ML26	20
There is more to linguistic communication than just knowing the vocabulary and grammar of a language; speakers need to know the different ways of using the language they speak �� what to say, how to say it and when to say it. But language is also intimately involved in our notions of culture, our thought processes and, perhaps, even in our sense of reality. Indeed, the very act of linguistic communication itself both creates and sustains our expectations, beliefs and moral values about our world and lives. This module explores a number of issues relating to this reciprocal relationship between language and culture. Linguistics, characterised as the scientific study of language, tends to focus on the formal features of language structure, treating it as an autonomous object. There is more, however, to linguistic communication than just knowing the vocabulary and grammar of a language; speakers need to know the different ways of using the language they speak - what to say and how to say it. These assumptions vary from culture to culture as often shows up in the various forms of miscommunication that occur when we talk with speakers from different linguistic backgrounds. From a broader perspective language is intimately involved in our notions of culture - imagine, for example, expressing, discussing or learning about religious or political beliefs without language - our thought processes and, perhaps, even in our sense of reality. Indeed, for some, the notions of language and culture are so inseparable that they are referred to collectively as languaculture.
LOW CARBON ENERGY	ENV-2A82	20
This module will focus on the decarbonisation of energy supply and demand in a carbon constrained world. It will examine the role of energy efficiency and low carbon energy technologies, such as wind energy, solar energy, hydrogen and fuel cells, taking into consideration important current issues and sectors for application. This knowledge is used to support an analysis of future energy supply and demand that includes management, policy and technical aspects. This version of the module is assessed by coursework and an exam.
LOW CARBON ENERGY WITH FIELDCOURSE	ENV-2A82K	20
This module will focus on the decarbonisation of energy supply and demand in a carbon constrained world. It will examine the role of energy efficiency and low carbon energy technologies, such as wind energy, solar energy, hydrogen and fuel cells, taking into consideration important current issues and sectors for application. This knowledge is used to support an analysis of future energy supply and demand that includes management, policy and technical aspects. This version of the module, which includes a one week field course that will take place at Easter, is assessed by coursework and fieldwork projects. There is no exam.
MARINE SCIENCES FIELDCOURSE	ENV-2A47K	20
This 11 day 20 credit field course studies physical, chemical and biological coastal oceanographic processes and will probably take place in June. The course includes lectures and practical experience of oceanographic instrumentation, chartwork, numerical analysis of data using matlab and a poster presentation at ENV. The second week of the course will take place in Oban, using the oceanographic research ships and laboratory facilities of the Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory. The course has no pre- or co-requisites and is open to 1st and 2nd year students. However it will be of particular relevance to those studying ENV-2A39 Ocean Circulation, ENV-2A45 Chemical Oceanography and ENV-3A15 Biological Oceanography and Marine Ecology. PLEASE NOTE THAT YOU CAN ONLY ENROL ONTO THIS MODULE VIA AN APPLICATION FORM FROM THE SCHOOL AND NOT VIA THE STANDARD MODULE ENROLMENT PROCESS. ALSO THE MODULE RUNS IN THE SUMMER PRIOR TO THE START OF THE ACADEMIC YEAR.
MATHEMATICS FOR SCIENTISTS III	ENV-2A21	20
This module contains mathematical techniques applicable to a wide range of ENV modules. Among topics covered: matrix algebra, linear equations and eigenvectors, numerical methods, vector fields, Maple programming and complex variables.
MATHEMATICS FOR SCIENTISTS III (CW)	ENV-2A21C	20
This module contains mathematical techniques applicable to a wide range of ENV modules. Among topics covered:matrix algebra, linear equations and eigenvectors, numerical methods, vector fields, maple programming and complex variables. This coursework only version is reserved for autumn semester visiting students.
MATHEMATICS FOR SCIENTISTS IV	ENV-2A22	20
This module shows how mathematics can be applied to the environment. Topics include: fluid dynamics, partial differential equations, waves, Fourier analysis, applications of solid mechanics to geophysics, including stress, strain and elasticity.
METEOROLOGY	ENV-2A23C	20
THIS IS A COURSEWORK VARIANT FOR AUTUMN SEMESTER VISITING STUDENTS ONLY. Coursework does not include fieldwork. See ENVF2A23. This module is designed to give a general introduction to meteorology, concentrating on the physical processes in the atmosphere and how these influence our weather. The module contains both descriptive and mathematical treatments of Radiation Balance, The General Circulation, Thermodynamics and Dynamics and the assessment is designed to allow those with either mathematical or descriptive abilities to do well; however a reasonable mathematical competence is essential. This coursework only version is reserved for autumn semester visiting students.
METEOROLOGY I	ENV-2A23	20
Coursework does not include fieldwork. See ENVF2A23. This module is designed to give a general introduction to meteorology, concentrating on the physical processes in the atmosphere and how these influence our weather. The module contains both descriptive and mathematical treatments of Radiation Balance, The General Circulation, Thermodynamics and Dynamics and the assessment is designed to allow those with either mathematical or descriptive abilities to do well; however a reasonable mathematical competence is essential.
METEOROLOGY II	ENV-2A24	20
This module will build upon the material covered in ENV-2A23 (Meteorology I) covering topics such as synoptic meteorology, micro-scale processes, the General Circulation and weather forecasting.
METEOROLOGY II WITH FIELDCOURSE	ENV-2A24K	20
This module will build upon material covered in ENV-2A23 (Meteorology I) covering topics such as synoptic meteorology, micro-scale processes, the General Circulation and weather forecasting. The module also includes a week long Easter vacation residential fieldcourse, based in the Lake District, focusing on micrometeorology, microclimate and synoptic processes.
MODERN JAPANESE LANGUAGE HONOURS 2/I	LCSU2J01	20
This semester-long Japanese language module is compulsory for all second-year Single Honours Japanese students. Its aim is to build up language proficiency and cultural awareness of Japan.
MODERN JAPANESE LANGUAGE HONOURS 2/II	LCSU2J02	20
This semester-long module is compulsory for all second-year Japanese Honours students. Its aim is to build up language proficiency and cultural awareness of Japan.
OCEAN CIRCULATION	ENV-2A39	20
This module gives you an understanding of the physical processes occurring in the basin-scale ocean environment. We will introduce and discuss large scale global ocean circulation, including gyres, boundary currents and the overturning circulation. Major themes include the interaction between ocean and atmosphere, and the forces which drive ocean circulation. You should be familiar with partial differentiation, integration, handling equations and using calculators. Co-taught with ENV-MA39
OCEAN CIRCULATION (CW)	ENV-2A39C	20
This module gives you an understanding of the physical processes occurring in the basin-scale ocean environment. We will introduce and discuss large scale global ocean circulation, including gyres, boundary currents and the overturning circulation. Major themes include the interaction between ocean and atmosphere, and the forces which drive ocean circulation. You should be familiar with partial differentiation, integration, handling equations and using calculators. Co-taught with ENV-MA39. THIS MODULE IS FOR VISITING STUDENT ONLY.
POST A LEVEL SPANISH LANGUAGE 2/I	LCSU2H21	20
This semester-long Spanish language module is compulsory for all second-year Single Honours Spanish students as well as being an option for any student who has done Post-A-Level Spanish Language I. Its aim is to build up language proficiency and cultural awareness of Spain and Latin America. (Alternative groups may be available depending on student numbers.)
POST A LEVEL SPANISH LANGUAGE 2/II	LCSU2H22	20
This semester-long module is compulsory for all second-year Spanish Honours students as well as being an option for any student who has done Post A-Level Spanish language 2/I (or equivalent). Its aim is to build up language proficiency and cultural awareness of Spain and Latin America. For one of the three weekly contact hours, students will be able to choose either Translation or Business as an option. (Alternative groups may be available depending on student numbers.)
POST A-LEVEL FRENCH LANGUAGE 1/I	LCSU1F21	20
A Post A-Level module designed to develop overall competence, with emphasis on grammatical accuracy and on the promotion of autonomous learning and transferable skills. Consisting of a lecture, one hour oral, and two hours of 'travaux diriges' in small groups for which extra slots are available. Not available to French native speakers or those with equivalent competence.
POST A-LEVEL FRENCH LANGUAGE 1/II	LCSU1F22	20
A continuation of module LCSU1F21.
POST A-LEVEL FRENCH LANGUAGE 2 (CP)	LCS-2F03	20
This French Honours Language module is compulsory for all students taking an Honours French programme in three years. It is designed to build up linguistic proficiency, cultural knowledge and learning skills in preparation for the period of residence abroad in the Spring semester. Activities focus on promoting self-direction in language learning, and draw on a variety of resources, including electronic resources, for in-class, self-access and group project work (oral, aural, written). Seminars are taught in French. The assessment project will be undertaken during the Semester Abroad. Depending on student numbers, an alternative group may be available. This group would be taught in slot C3*D4.
POST A-LEVEL FRENCH LANGUAGE 2/I	LCSU2F01	20
This French Honours language module is compulsory for all second-year Single Honours French students. It is designed to build up linguistic proficiency, cultural knowledge and learning skills in preparation for the Year Abroad. Activities focus on promoting self-direction in language learning, and draw on a variety of resources, including electronic resources, for in-class, self-access and group project work (oral, aural, written). Seminars are taught in French. (Alternative groups will be available for seminars.)
POST A-LEVEL FRENCH LANGUAGE 2/II	LCSU2F02	20
This module is the continuation of the Post A-Level French Language 2/I module (LCSU2F01) and is compulsory for all second year French Honours students. There is a core element to this module which takes up the objectives of LCSU2F01 in a translation hour (D2 or E3) and a year abroad preparation oral class. There are three additional strands. Each student will take one of these strands: i) Introduction to Interpreting (obligatory for Q9R8 students) (A3B4), ii) French Law and Society (C3D4) or, iii) French for Business (obligatory for R9N2 students) (A7*A8). Non-Q9R8 and non-R9N2 students will be asked to state a preference in the Autumn semester.
POST A-LEVEL GERMAN LANGUAGE 1/I	LCSU1G21	20
A basic module in post A-Level German (also open for students with AS-Level grade A) consisting of revision and extension of selected areas of advanced grammar and reading and discussion of newspaper articles. Its aim is to develop competence in all areas of spoken and written German. This module is not available to native speakers or those with equivalent competence.
POST A-LEVEL GERMAN LANGUAGE 1/II	LCSU1G22	20
A continuation of post A-Level German I consisting of revision and extension of selected areas of advanced grammar and reading of texts and discussion of relevant topics. Its aim is to develop competence in all areas of spoken and written German. Not available to native speakers or those with equivalent competence.
POST A-LEVEL JAPANESE LANGUAGE 1/I	LCSU1J21	20
A Post A-Level module designed to develop overall competence, with emphasis on grammatical accuracy and on the promotion of autonomous learning and transferable skills. It aims to enable students to build on, and further enhance, existing reading, writing, speaking and listening skills.
POST A-LEVEL JAPANESE LANGUAGE 1/II	LCSU1J22	20
A continuation of module LCSU1J21. This module is not available to native speakers or those with equivalent competence.
POST A-LEVEL SPANISH 1/I	LCSU1H21	20
An advanced course in Spanish for students with Spanish A-Level, Intermediate Spanish (LCSU2H11 & 12), or any other equivalent qualification. This module can be taken in any year. (Alternative slots may be available depending on student numbers.) Orals are arranged separately. This module is not available to native speakers or those with equivalent competence.
POST A-LEVEL SPANISH 1/II	LCSU1H22	20
A continuation of module LCSU1H21. This module is not available to native speakers or those with equivalent competence.
RESEARCH METHODS	LCS-MR1Y	10
The module is designed to familiarise postgraduate students with research resources and basic aspects of research methodology (e.g. access to, and use of, sources and resources, collection, analysis and presentation of materials and data). It is taught over two semesters: the first focuses on seminar-related activities, the second on dissertation-related work. It is assessed by an oral exam on a pass/ fail basis after the end of the second semester. The module is obligatory for all LLT full-time postgraduate students on taught MA programmes and open only to them.
RESEARCH METHODS PART I	LCS-MR01	5
This module is the first part of a course designed to familiarise postgraduate students with research resources and basic aspects of research methodology (e.g. access to, and use of, sources and resources, collection, analysis and presentation of materials and data) and focuses on seminar-related activities. It is taught in the first semester of the first year of study. The unit is compulsory for all LLT part-time students on MA Taught programmes and open only to them. Co-Requisite: LLT-MR02.
RESEARCH METHODS PART II	LCS-MR02	5
The module is the second part of a course designed to familiarise postgraduate students with research resources and basic aspects of research methodology (e.g. access to, and use of, sources and resources, collection, analysis and presentation of materials and data) and focuses on work for the dissertation. It is taught in the second semester of the second year of study and assessed by an oral examination on a pass/fail basis after the end of the second semester. The module is obligatory for all LLT part-time students on MA taught programmes and open only to them. Pre-requisite: LLT-MR01.
RESEARCH SKILLS FOR SOCIAL SCIENTISTS	ENV-2A90	10
The study of society and its relationship to the natural environment poses distinct research challenges and social science presents a range of approaches and methods with which to address these problems. This module provides an introduction to the theory and practice of social science research. It covers research design, sampling, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, and presentation of results. It is recommended for any student intending to carry out a social science-based research project. Taught in the first half of the semester.
SEDIMENTOLOGY	ENV-2A25	20
Understanding modern and ancient depositional environments: their processes and products. Economic and environmental aspects of sediments.
SEDIMENTOLOGY (CW)	ENV-2A25C	20
Coursework only version of ENV-2A25 - NB reserved for autumn semester visiting students and those students taking ENV-2G02 Semester in Australia only.
SOIL ENVIRONMENTS AND PROCESSES (CW)	ENV-2A27C	20
This module will combine lectures, practicals, seminars and fieldwork to provide students with an appreciation of the soil environment and the processes that occurs within it. The module will progress through: basic soil components/properties; soil identification and classification; soil as a habitat; soil organisms; soils functions;the agricultural environment; soil-organism-agrochemical interation. This coursework only version is reserved for autumn semester visiting students.
SOIL PROCESSES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES	ENV-2A27	20
This module will combine lectures, practicals, seminars and fieldwork to provide students with an appreciation of the soil environment and the processes that occurs within it. The module will progress through: basic soil components/properties; soil identification and classification; soil as a habitat; soil organisms; soil functions; the agricultural environment; soil-organism-agrochemical interaction; soil contamination; soil and climate change.
SOLID EARTH GEOPHYSICS	ENV-2A12	20
What lies beneath our feet? This module addresses this question by exploring how waves, rays and the various physical techniques are used in geophysics to image the subsurface on scales of metres to kilometres . The basic theory and interpretation methods of seismic, electrical and gravity and magnetic surveys are studied. A wide range of applications is covered including archaeological geophysics, energy resources and geohazards. Students doing this module are normally expected to have a good mathematical ability, notably in calculus and algebra before taking this module (ENV-1A61 Mathematics for Scientists I, ENV-1A62 Mathematics for Scientists II or equivalent).
SOLID EARTH GEOPHYSICS WITH FIELDCOURSE	ENV-2A12K	20
What lies beneath our feet? This module addresses this question by exploring how waves, rays and the various physical techniques are used in geophysics to image the subsurface on scales of meters to kilometres. The basic theory and interpretation methods of seismic, electrical and gravity and magnetic surveys are studied. A wide range of applications is covered including archaeological geophysics, energy resources and geohazards. The fieldcourse provides "hands-on" experience of the various techniques and applications, adding on valuable practical skills. This module is highly valued by employers in industry; guest industrial lecturers will cover the current 'state-of-the-art' applications in real world situations. Students doing this module are normally expected to have a good mathematical ability, notably in calculus and algebra before taking this module (ENV-1A61 Mathematics for Scientists I, ENV-1A62 Mathematics for Scientists II or equivalent).
SPAIN THROUGH THE EYE OF A LENS	LCS-2H39	20
This module covers and explores the use of various visual resources which show elements of the contemporary history and culture of Spain and the evolution of the Spanish society during many decades of political upheaval. You will become familiar with important Spanish issues such as national stereotypes, violence, race, immigration, sexual identities and social transformation through the use of visual resources such as: films, TV commercials, programmes, documentaries and series, photography etc.
SPANISH AB INITIO HONOURS II	LCS-2H6Y	40
This year-long module is for Year 2 Ab Initio students and is the continuation of Ab Initio Honours I. It is designed to build up linguistic proficiency, cultural knowledge and learning skills in preparation for the year abroad. Students join Post A-Level Spanish I/II for some lectures and seminars.
SPANISH AB-INITIO HONOURS I	LCS-1H5Y	60
This is a module for students taking their Spanish Honours language degree from an ab initio starting point. The need for significant progress in reading, writing, listening and speaking is met with the intensive teaching that this module provides. The aim is to equip students with the linguistic understanding of a number of real-life situations, as well as the ability to communicate effectively in those situations. Particular emphasis is also placed on acquiring a sound knowledge of grammar. This module caters for beginners' level entrants and is only available to students in LCS.
SPANISH HONOURS 3: ADVANCED HISPANIC STUDIES	LCS-3H11	20
This module develops the students' Spanish language skills at an advanced level. It fosters an understanding of various Spanish language features and develops critical cultural awareness. Specific components of grammar at a higher level are revisited, problematic areas identified for improvement and academic writing skills are further developed. The module offers the opportunity of exploring the components that control the use of language when communicating in Spanish and of investigating and reflecting contrastively on the pragmatic components of the Spanish language and of the students’ native language. The oral component of the module focuses on improving intercultural communication with Hispanics, whilst improving speaking and listening and widening vocabulary at a higher level. This module is conducted entirely in Spanish. Assessment commensurate with credit value. (NB: Alternative groups available depending on student numbers). It is also open to second year LCS students with near native competence in Spanish and some visiting/exchange students. However, it is not suitable for native Spanish speaking visiting/exchange students.
SPANISH HONOURS 3: WORLD SPANISHES	LCS-3H10	20
This module offers the opportunity to develop your Spanish speaking, listening, reading and writing skills at an advanced level. The main objective is to further develop higher level language skills and raise awareness of linguistic and intercultural issues to aid inclusion and immersion in Spanish-speaking countries. It covers the exploration of the varieties of the Spanish language from a linguistic point of view and the variations of the Spanish language through the analysis and identification of extracts of spoken texts. The oral element of the module focuses on raising sensitivity to implicit messages transmitted through visual media and improving speaking and listening skills, whilst widening vocabulary. This module is conducted entirely in Spanish. Assessment commensurate with credit value. (NB: Alternative groups available depending on student numbers). It is also open to second year LCS students with near native competence in Spanish and some visiting/exchange students. However, it is not suitable for native Spanish speaking visiting/exchange students.
SPANISH POST GCSE II	LCS-2H7Y	40
This year-long module is for Year 2 post-GCSE students and is the continuation of Spanish post-GCSE I. It is designed to build up linguistic proficiency, cultural knowledge and learning skills in preparation for the year abroad. Students join Post A-Level Spanish I/II for some lectures and seminars.
SPANISH POST- GCSE I	LCS-1H7Y	40
This is a module for students taking their Spanish Honours language degree from a post-GCSE starting point. The need for significant progress in reading, writing, listening and speaking is met with the intensive teaching that this module provides. The aim is to equip students with the linguistic understanding of a number of real-life situations, as well as the ability to communicate effectively in those situations. Particular emphasis is also placed on acquiring a sound knowledge of grammar. It is only available to students taking a degree in Spanish from post-GCSE level.
SPECIALISED TRANSLATION (SPANISH)	LCS-3T52	20
A module in the translation of specialised texts of various types such as economic, journalistic, scientific, literary, and technical. This module is also open to second-year LCS students with (near) native competence in Spanish and/or visiting/exchange students.Taught with LCS-3T50. Assessment commensurate with credit value.
SUBTITLING AND DUBBING (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2T11	20
This module is an introduction to aspects of subtitling and dubbing in different media and multimedia contexts (television, radio, cinema, world wide web), and to issues associated with these activities in the age of globalisation. A range of materials and processes will be considered (e.g. film subtitling, subtitling for the deaf and hard-of-hearing, subtitling and dubbing in news reports or documentaries, subtitling and dubbing in the context of multimedia localisation) to investigate key features and concerns involved in transposing text across communication channels, media, forms and codes. Assessment commensurate with level. Taught with LCS-3T11 and LCS-3T17.
SUBTITLING AND DUBBING (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3T17	20
This module is an introduction to aspects of subtitling and dubbing in different media and multimedia contexts (television, radio, cinema, world wide web), and to issues associated with these activities in the age of globalisation. A range of materials and processes will be considered (e.g. film subtitling, subtitling for the deaf and hard-of-hearing, subtitling and dubbing in news reports or documentaries, subtitling and dubbing in the context of multimedia localisation) to investigate key features and concerns involved in transposing text across communication channels, media, forms and codes. Assessment commensurate with level. Taught with LCS-2T11 and LCS-3T11.
TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR SUBTITLING AND DUBBING (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2T24	20
This module provides first-hand experience of subtitling and dubbing. There will be an opportunity to become familiar with software used for interlingual and intralingual subtitling and dubbing at professional level while undertaking practical exercises involving cueing, text compression and segmentation, respecting time and space constraints and conforming to conventions of good practice. The different types of technological tools used for audiovisual translation at professional and amateur levels will be explored, analysed and assessed. Selected film/TV series/documentary extracts in several languages will be used. Practical activities will present participants with the challenges posed by the interplay of audio, image and text.
TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR SUBTITLING AND DUBBING (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3T56	20
This module provides first-hand experience of subtitling and dubbing. There will be an opportunity to become familiar with software used for interlingual and intralingual subtitling and dubbing at professional level while undertaking practical exercises involving cueing, text compression and segmentation, respecting time and space constraints and conforming to conventions of good practice. The different types of technological tools used for audiovisual translation at professional and amateur levels will be explored, analysed and assessed. Selected film/TV series/documentary extracts in several languages will be used. Practical activities will present participants with the challenges posed by the interplay of audio, image and text.
TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR TRANSLATING AND REAL WORLD TRANSLATION (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2T22	20
This module will provide an introduction to the technological tools used by professional translators and real world translators
TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR TRANSLATING AND REAL-WORLD TRANSLATION (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3T54	20
This module will provide an introduction to the technological tools used by professional translators and real-world translators.
TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR TRANSLATORS	LCS-MT12	20
The aim of this module is to provide an introduction for students of literary and non-literary translation to computer-based tools, technologies and methodologies used by translators, and to examine the strengths and weaknesses of such tools.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF NEWS (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2L30	20
The module seeks to provide an understanding of how the special cultural product we call 'news' is created. It examines the changing economic, political, legal and cultural contexts of newspaper production in a variety of media (print, web, broadcast). It presents and assesses different theories about how these contexts (or 'structures') impact on the day to day practice of journalism and the nature of the news message. An important part of the module involves tracing the reflections and refractions of these wider processes in actual news media discourse. We will use frequent practical analysis exercises to test and challenge the theories of new production and the practices of new production in today's fast-changing news environment. The module encourages students to develop, practice and test a range of skills, including: being able to consider, analyse and challenge critically the ideas and practices of themselves and others; taking part in teamwork; presenting ideas and analytical outcomes. By the end of the module, you should be able to 'read' news media in a very different way to before.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF NEWS (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3L50	20
The module seeks to provide an understanding of how the special cultural product we call 'news' is created. It examines the changing economic, political, legal and cultural contexts of newspaper production in a variety of media (print, web, broadcast). It presents and assesses different theories about how these contexts (or 'structures') impact on the day to day practice of journalism and the nature of the news message. An important part of the module involves tracing the reflections and refractions of these wider processes in actual news media discourse. We will use frequent practical analysis exercises to test and challenge the theories of new production and the practices of new production in today's fast-changing news environment. The module encourages students to develop, practice and test a range of skills, including: being able to consider, analyse and challenge critically the ideas and practices of themselves and others; taking part in teamwork; presenting ideas and analytical outcomes. By the end of the module, you should be able to 'read' news media in a very different way to before. Assessment commensurate with level. In addition to the timetabled seminar, some further contact hours will be arranged for level 3 students.
THE POWER OF DISCOURSE: REPRESENTATION AND INTERACTION	LCS-ML13	20
Language occurs in specific social situations, among specific social actors and for a variety of purposes. In turn particular uses of language have the power to shape social encounters and relationships and to help construct and maintain specific ideologies and perspectives. Discourse analysis aims to uncover the ways in which language in use is tied to its social context. This approach is thus at the heart of the analysis of human interaction in society. This unit provides the students with analytical tools that can be fruitfully applied to the study of a variety of texts (e.g. media, advertising, politics, education, business, creative writing) and for a variety of purposes (e.g. developing critical understanding, uncovering ideological bias, reproducing texts successfully in translation and achieving the desired impact through one’s own writing). Presentations of the main concepts and examples are followed by practice sessions in which students have the opportunity to analyze a variety of texts both for class discussion and for their final project.
TRANSLATION (ENGLISH TO FRENCH)	LCS-3F14	20
This module aims to enhance translation skills and involves English into French translation. It is also open to second-year LCS students with (near) native competence in French and/or visiting/exchange students. Taught with LCS-3F12. Assessment commensurate with credit value.
TRANSLATION AND ADAPTATION (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2T20	20
This module will consider translation and adaptation (understood as the transferral of a cultural product from one medium to another) in a range of media (for example, film, television, theatre, literature, and computer games) and the issues associated with these processes in these media. The module is taught in English and source texts which are not English (but which have translations available) will be used, i.e. inter and intra-lingual work will be examined. There will be the opportunity for you to undertake creative work which will form part of the assessment for the module along with a theoretical discussion of the translation/adaptation. The module is open to students who do not have a foreign language. Assessment commensurate with level. Taught with LCS-3T20 and LCS-3T22.
TRANSLATION AND ADAPTATION (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3T22	20
This module will consider translation and adaptation (understood as the transferral of a cultural product from one medium to another) in a range of media (for example, film, television, theatre, literature, and computer games) and the issues associated with these processes in these media. The module is taught in English and source texts which are not English (but which have translations available) will be used, i.e. inter and intra-lingual work will be examined. There will be the opportunity for students to undertake creative work which will form part of the assessment for the module along with a theoretical discussion of the translation/adaptation. Module open to students who do not have a foreign language. An additional workshop hour is scheduled at this level. Assessment commensurate with level. Taught with LCS-2T20 and LCS-3T20.
TRANSLATION AND THEORY	LCS-MA03	20
This module explores ways in which concepts and notions develop into theoretical approaches and translatorial practices but also how practice establishes theoretical positions. Each weekly seminar will focus on key concepts and their use in the existing bibliography on translation, while the practical tasks will give to students the opportunity to apply these concepts to their own translation work.
TRANSLATION IN CONTEXT	LCS-MA01	20
This module explores the issues fundamental to translation as process and product in practical contexts, examines theories of equivalence and textual structure in different language-cultures, and applies theory to specialised practice (e.g. commercial, legal, technical, political). Taught by a range of LCS staff.
TRANSLATION ISSUES IN THE MEDIA (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2T06	20
This module is particularly relevant to language and translation students, but will appeal to students from across the University with an interest in language issues associated with the globalisation of communication and the media. It considers a range of materials (texts and their translations, multilingual publications and packaging, film subtitles, dubbed soundtracks, IT-mediated text) to explore issues involved in the transposition and translation of (spoken and written) text into other media and other languages across different genres, literary and non-literary. Taught in English. Receptive knowledge of one other main European language required. (Taught with LCS-3T06 and LCS-3T26). Assessment commensurate with level.
TRANSLATION ISSUES IN THE MEDIA (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3T26	20
This module is particularly relevant to language and translation students, but will appeal to students from across the University with an interest in language issues associated with the globalisation of communication and the media. It considers a range of materials (texts and their translations, multilingual publications and packaging, film subtitles, dubbed soundtracks, IT-mediated text) to explore issues involved in the transposition and translation of (spoken and written) text into other media and other languages across different genres, literary and non-literary. Taught in English. Receptive knowledge of one other main European language required. Taught with LCS-2T06 and LCS-3T06. Assessment commensurate with level.
TRANSLATION STUDIES IN JAPAN	LCS-3J02	20
Translation is an integral part of Japanese culture. However, related research in Japan is in an early stage and has largely remained uninfluenced by theoretical and conceptual developments in Europe. Translation practices and norms in Japan developed on the background of the country's peculiar history of self-isolation and abrupt opening. This module offers views on the history of Japanese translation, and on current Translation Studies in Japan. One goal is to learn about the differences in thinking concerning methods and practices in translation studies in the west and translation studies in Japan. The module will also involve exercises in practical translation by the students. The module is conducted in Japanese.
TRANSLATION THEORY AND PRACTICE	LCS-3T07	20
This module is open to second-year LCS students with (near) native competence in French or Spanish and/or visiting/exchange students. The primary aim of this module is to develop the skills and critical thinking required for the production, by the individual student, of an extended annotated translation and commentary. The commentary consists of a theoretical discussion of the translation process and product, together with specific annotations illustrating the translation strategy adopted. Taught with LCS-3T05. Assessment commensurate with credit value.
TRANSLATION WORK EXPERIENCE	LCS-MA02	20
This module is aimed at MA Translation students with no (or little) previous translation work experience, and students who have experience of professional translation but would like the opportunity to review their practices by reflecting on, and critically documenting, the processes involved. It is based on work on authentic translation assignments negotiated with commercial clients and is very practical: it will promote hands-on sensitisation to aspects of professional commercial translation, to problems involved in translating to specifications, producing and presenting a product of professional standard, to techniques of translation and to the use of reference materials and support resources. The work for assessment also includes a theoretically grounded work experience report.
TRANSLATION WORK EXPERIENCE (LEVEL 2)	LCS-2T13	20
The module builds on partnership with local public services to give home and visiting/exchange students the opportunity to work jointly on professional translation briefs (e.g. translation, from English into a variety of languages, of information panels for the Norfolk Museums). Work involves translating to specifications, background research and product delivery/presentation. Assessment is by a variety of means including diary notes and critical report. Module open subject to availability of briefs - a back-up module choice is essential. One hour per week timetabled, other commitments to be arranged. Taught with LLT-3T13 and LLT-3T15.
TRANSLATION WORK EXPERIENCE (LEVEL 3)	LCS-3T15	20
The module builds on partnership with local public services to give home and visiting/exchange students the opportunity to work jointly on professional translation briefs (e.g. translation, from English into a variety of languages, of information panels for the Norfolk Museums). Work involves translating to specifications, background research, product delivery/presentation. Assessment is by a variety of means including diary notes and critical report. Module open subject to availability of briefs - a back-up module is essential. Two hours per week timetabled, other commitments to be arranged. Taught with LLT-2T13 and LLT-3T13
WAVES, TIDES AND SHALLOW WATER PROCESSES	ENV-2A40	20
This module will explore physical processes in the ocean, building on what you learnt in Ocean Circulation. There will be a focus on applications of ocean physics to shelf seas. Topics will include: Tide generation, forces, harmonic tidal analysis of time series, propagation in shallow seas; Surface and internal waves, their role in air-sea exchange and upper ocean mixing; Role of tides and internal waves in global ocean mixing; Impact of ocean physics on biogeochemical processes, including seasonal phytoplankton blooms and shelf sea fronts; Remote sensing of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll shelf seas. Estuarine circulation and sediment transport; Applications of ocean physics to water quality and pollution monitoring; Role of ocean science in the marine energy industry. This module is designed to follow on from ENV-2A39, which is a pre-requisite. We strongly recommend that you also gain experience of marine fieldwork by taking the 20-credit biennial Marine Sciences fieldcourse, next running in June 2013.
YEAR ABROAD	LCS-2X0Y	120
A compulsory year abroad for students taking one or more honours language(s). Satisfactory completion of the year abroad, as defined by the School Board, is necessary for registration in the following year.
YEAR ABROAD IN EUROPE	ENV-2Y2Y	120
A year long course of study at a continental European university currently, we offer exchanges with universities in Sweden, France and Spain. The exact form of assessment will vary from institution to institution and will normally be conducted in the language of the host country. The modules studied overseas must be approved in advance by the Course Director. All changes whilst abroad must also be approved in advance by the Course Director.
YEAR ABROAD IN NORTH AMERICA	ENV-2Y1Y	120
Modules taken at an overseas university subject to the approval of the Course Director.
YEAR IN AUSTRALASIA	ENV-2Y4Y	120
Modules are taken at a university in Australia or New Zealand, and those taken are subject to approval by the course director.
YEAR IN INDUSTRY	ENV-2Y5Y	100
This module represents the year spent on work placement by students registered on an ENV programme incorporating a year in industry. Assessment is purely on a pass/fail basis with respect to completing a work placement, complementary to the degree, of at least nine months duration. A separate compulsory module, CCE-2A2Y, associated with the year in industry, does have additional assignments.

Free Choice Study (20 credits)

Students will select modules worth 20 credits from the course catalogue with the approval of their School

Compulsory Study (120 credits)

Students must study the following modules for 120 credits:

Name	Code	Credits
YEAR ABROAD IN EUROPE	ENV-2Y2Y	120
A year long course of study at a continental European university currently, we offer exchanges with universities in Sweden, France and Spain. The exact form of assessment will vary from institution to institution and will normally be conducted in the language of the host country. The modules studied overseas must be approved in advance by the Course Director. All changes whilst abroad must also be approved in advance by the Course Director.

Compulsory Study (60 credits)

Students must study the following modules for 60 credits:

Name	Code	Credits
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE	ENV-3A20	20
An exploration of both the scientific causes of global environmental change and the integrative and complex nature of the societal response to such changes. An examination of attempts to predict future trends in the global environmental over the next few centuries. Topics covered include climate change, the carbon cycle, global pollution, and sea level rise. Group projects will tackle multi-disciplinary topics within these areas, using research literature and by interaction with researchers currently in these fields.
INDEPENDENT PROJECT	ENV-3A91	40
The project is an independent piece of research. With guidance from a supervisor, each student chooses a topic, designs the research and collects, analyses and interprets data. The student is expected to report on progress at various stages: in the selection of a topic, the detailed plan, an interim report and an oral presentation. A final report in the form of a dissertation not exceeding 10,000 words is required, together with a research poster which summarises the main aspects of the work. This module is compulsory for several degree courses in the School of Environmental Sciences and is restricted to Environmental Sciences students.

Option A Study (20 credits)

Students will select 20 credits from the following modules:

Name	Code	Credits
ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION: MEASUREMENT AND MODELLING	ENV-3A80	20
Emissions of gases and other pollutants from human activities are critical drivers of phenomena such as climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, degradation of air quality in urban and rural areas, long-range transport of air pollution, and changes in aerosol and cloud physical properties. To understand these impacts it is necessary to make atmospheric measurements of chemical composition and physical parameters, and to interpret these observations with a range of statistical, conceptual, and computer-based models. In this module you will be introduced to a range of modern atmospheric measurements techniques, both those used in the field and in the laboratory. Consideration will be given to the relevant chemical and physical processes that are required to understand these observations. You will also learn about a range of interpretive techniques including numerical models, and you will put some of these in to practice.
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND HUMAN SOCIETY	ENV-3A17	20
This is an inter-disciplinary module focusing on the interaction between ecology, biodiversity and human societies. It examines the human drivers of biodiversity loss, the importance of biodiversity to human society, conflicts between human society and conservation and how these can be resolved, and institutions for biodiversity conservation and environmental management. It is designed for students of Biology, Ecology, Environmental Science, Environmental Geography and International Development and Development Studies. This inter-disciplinary module does not require previous detailed knowledge of ecological mechanisms; where a simple understanding of key ecological processes is important, this will be reviewed and taught in class. Key principles, issues and theory are covered in lectures by UEA faculty. These are supported by case studies from external speakers working in conservation, environmental and resource management agencies and NGOs. The module will comprise 2 core lectures plus one workshop / seminar / outside speaker each week. The module will be assessed by a spring semester exam and coursework designed to develop skills in reviewing and interpreting evidence to non-scientists. This will comprise a briefing paper written for non-specialist policy makers, reviewing scientific evidence and areas of uncertainty on a conservation topic, and providing recommendations for UK government policy and identifying research needed, involving both group (written report max 1500 words, conducted in pairs) and individual (powerpoint slideshow: a summary presentation for policy makers) elements. There are no formal prerequisites, but the module complements and builds on a number of 200 level module including: ENV / BIO 200 level core ecology modules (ie, populations, processes), ENV2A8Y Economics of the Environment, ENV-2A06 Environmental Politics and Policy Making, DEV-2C63 Natural Resources for Development II, DEV-2D64 Natural Resources for Development III.
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND HUMAN SOCIETY (CW)	ENV-3A17C	20
This is an inter-disciplinary module focusing on the interaction between ecology, biodiversity and human societies. It examines the human drivers of biodiversity loss, the importance of biodiversity to human society, conflicts between human society and conservation and how these can be resolved, and institutions for biodiversity conservation and environmental management. It is designed for students of Biology, Ecology, Environmental Geography and international Development and Development Studies. This inter-disciplinary module does not require previous detailed knowledge of ecological mechanisms; where a simple understanding of key ecological processes is important, this will be reviewed and taught in class. Key principles, issues and theory are covered in lectures by UEA faculty. These are supported by case studies from external speakers working in conservation, environmental and resource management agencies and NGOs. The module will be assessed by a spring semester exam and coursework designed to develop skills in reviewing and interpreting evidence to non-scientists. This will comprise a briefing paper written for on-specialist policy makers reviewing scientific evidence and areas of uncertainty on a conservation topic, and providing recommendations for UK government policy and identifying research needed, involving both group (written report max 1500 words conducted in pairs) and individual (PowerPoint slideshow: a summary presentation for policy makers) elements. There are no formal prerequisites, but the module complements and builds on a number of 200 level units including ENV/BIO 200 level core ecology modules (i.e. populations, processes) ENV-2A8Y Economics of the Environment, ENV-2A06 Environmental politics and Policy Making, DEV-2C63 Natural Resources for Development II, DEV-2D64 Natural Resources for Development III. (Alternative assessment version for autumn semester visiting students.)
BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE ECOLOGY	ENV-3A15	20
This module examines the biological and ecological processes that underpin our dependence on, and use of, the marine environment for 'goods and services'. Students will study the ecology of marine organisms (from bacteria to fish) which provide the 'services' of climate modulation, nutrient regeneration and food production, threats to the sustainability of these services and the management challenges that result. The module will cover the biodiversity and molecular ecology of bacteria,diatoms, coccolithophores and nitrogen fixers, the physiology and distribution of zooplankton, the ecology of exploited populations and management of the marine environment including fisheries. Example ecosystems such as polar regions, mid ocean gyres and Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems will be studied in detail, and predictions of the impact of environmental change (increasing temperature, decreasing pH, decreasing oxygen, changes in nutrient supply and human exploitation) on marine ecosystem dynamics, will be examined. The module also includes lectures and workshops by biological oceanographers from the Centre for the Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS).
BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE ECOLOGY	ENV-3A15C	20
This module examines the biological and ecological processes that underpin our dependence on, and use of, the marine environment for ��goods and services��. Students will study the ecology of marine organisms (from bacteria to fish) which provide the ��services�� of climate modulation, nutrient regeneration and food production, threats to the sustainability of these services and the management challenges that result. The module will cover the biodiversity and molecular ecology of bacteria, diatoms, coccolithophores and nitrogen fixers, the physiology and distribution of zooplankton, the ecology of exploited populations and management of the marine environment including fisheries. Example ecosystems such as the Antarctic, mid ocean gyres and Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems will be studied in detail, and predictions of the impact of environmental change (increasing temperature, decreasing pH, increasing oxygen minimum zones, changes in nutrient supply and human exploitation) on marine ecosystem dynamics, will be examined. Biological oceanographic methods will be critically discussed. The module also includes lectures and workshops by biological oceanographers from British Antarctic Survey (BAS), the Centre for the Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) and the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation of Ocean Science (SAHFOS). The module is designed for students with some prior knowledge of ecological techniques, and so ENV-2A01 Aquatic Ecology is a pre-requisite. (Alternative assessment version for autumn semester visiting students.)
CATCHMENT WATER RESOURCES	ENV-3A60	20
This module will adopt an integrated approach to studying surface water and groundwater resources in river basins. Approaches to catchment management will be considered in the context of improving water-dependent terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Topics of climate change impacts on water resources in terms of droughts and floods, as well as water quality issues arising from changing land-use patterns will be considered, together with the engineering and socio-economic methods necessary to adapt to future pressures on water resources. Co-taught with ENV-MA60.
CLIMATE CHANGE: PHYSICAL SCIENCE BASIS	ENV-3A49	20
Climate change and variability has played a major role in shaping human history and the prospect of a warming world as a result of human activities (global warming) presents society with an increasing challenge over the coming decades. This module covers the science of climate change, our current understanding of anthropogenic effects on climate, and the uncertainties/limitations of our scientific knowledge. It provides details about the approaches, methods and techniques for understanding the history of climate change and for developing climate projections for the next 100 years, supporting further study of the scientific or policy aspects of the subject in either an academic or applied context. Co-taught with ENV-MA49.
CLIMATE CHANGE: PHYSICAL SCIENCE BASIS	ENV-3A51	20
Climate change and variability has played a major role in shaping human history and the prospect of a warming world as a result of human activities (global warming) presents society with an increasing challenge over the coming decades. This module covers the science of climate change, our current understanding of anthropogenic effects on climate, and the uncertainties/limitations of our scientific knowledge. It provides details about the approaches, methods and techniques for understanding the history of climate change and for developing climate projections for the next 100 years, supporting further study of the scientific or policy aspects of the subject in either an academic or applied context. Co-taught with ENV-MA49. This module is restricted to MSci Climate Science students only.
EARTH AND LIFE	ENV-3A38	20
This module introduces Earth system science, taking a top-down approach to the Earth as a whole system, and tracing its development since its formation 4.5 billion years ago. The main focus is on the coupled evolution of life and its environment through a series of revolutions. Theoretical approaches are introduced, including Gaia, feedback mechanisms and systems theory, and practical sessions use models to build up conceptual understanding. The subject is inherently inter-disciplinary, including aspects of biology, chemistry and physics, and unifying the study of climate and global biogeochemical cycles. Co-taught with ENV-MA38.
EARTHQUAKE AND VOLCANIC HAZARDS	ENV-3A04	20
The aim of the module is to be able to solve geophysical problems (both physical and chemical) in a methodical way. Problems will be described conceptionally, then defined mathematically, then solved numerically. Emphasis on numerical solutions to partial differential equations encountered in geophysical sciences: their stability and accuracy. Case studies from meteorology, oceanography, hydrology and geophysics. Extensive project work involved.
EARTHQUAKE AND VOLCANIC HAZARDS WITH FIELDCOURSE	ENV-3A04K	20
Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions have significant environmental and societal impacts. This module focuses on the physical basis and analysis of each hazard, their global range of occurrence and their global impact. The module also addresses approaches towards hazard mitigation and minimising vulnerability, with an emphasis on their practical implication. Scenarios and probabilities occurrence of mega-disasters are also investigated. A one week field trip in Scotland takes place to introduce you to various aspects of natural hazards and in particular to faulting and earthquake hazards. This module is co-taught with ENV-MA04K
FIELD COURSE TO EAST AFRICA	ENV-3A55K	20
This fourteen-day field course to a remote part of north-western Kenya is set provisionally to run in late June/early July 2013 and only if 24 students accept a place. A significant personal contribution towards costs is required. The field course will be advertised in November 2012 via emails to eligible students and applications are made directly to the module organizer. Places will be offered and must be accepted before the Christmas Break. Planning begins in February 2013 and preparatory sessions are held throughout the Spring Semester. All preparation sessions are compulsory and involve lectures (1-2 pm on Wednesdays), tutorials for working groups (unslotted), first-aid training and attendance at a travel clinic. With the help of a project adviser, three-person groups develop a project design that will test in Kenya hypotheses in ecology, social science or an interdisciplinary combination of these. Different projects have different learning outcomes depending on the subject of the project. All projects work within limits set by health and safety. This module is incompatible with any Spring semester module that uses Wednesdays 1-2 pm for formal or informal classes.
FOSSIL FUELS	ENV-3A33	20
Geological, economic and political aspects of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas and coal) are introduced. These are used to discuss environmental concerns arising from the use of fossil fuels, and the potentially profound implications of future fuel scarcity. This module is suitable for students taking degrees in the School of Environmental Sciences. Some knowledge of Earth Science will be expected. Before taking this module you must take or be taking at least 20 credits or Earth Science or Geophysics modules at honours level.
Fossil Fuel (CW)	ENV-3A33C	20
Geological, economic and political aspects of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas and coal) are introduced. These are used to discuss environmental concerns arising from the use of fossil fuels, and the potentially profound implications of future fuel scarcity. CW only version of ENV-3A33 for Autumn Visiting Students only. Students should have some background knowledge of Earth Science or Geophysics.
GEOSCIENCES FIELDCOURSE	ENV-3A57K	20
This module is designed to promote a deeper understanding and integration of geoscience subjects: the fieldwork will usually concentrate on aspects of structural geology, regional tectonics, hydrogeology, sedimentology, palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironments, metamorphic geology and volcanology. A key feature of the course is that the location is chosen where there are excellent and substantial exposures of rock formation showing evidence of processes. The field base alternates between the Aegean (Greece) and Western Ireland, and the detailed content will reflect the field sites.
GEOSCIENCES FIELDCOURSE: GREECE	ENV-3A77K	20
This module is designed to promote a deeper understanding and integration of geoscience subjects: the fieldwork will usually concentrate on aspects of structural geology, regional tectonics, hydrogeology, sedimentology, palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironments, metamorphic geology and volcanology. A key feature of the course is that the location is chosen where there are excellent and substantial exposures of rock formation showing evidence of processes. This module runs alternate years with ENV-3A57K (Geosciences Fieldcourse: Ireland). This is to enable field base alternates between the Aegean (Greece) and Western Ireland, and the detailed content will reflect the field sites. This module is co-taught with ENV-MA77K.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE	ENV-3A20	20
An exploration of both the scientific causes of global environmental change and the integrative and complex nature of the societal response to such changes. An examination of attempts to predict future trends in the global environmental over the next few centuries. Topics covered include climate change, the carbon cycle, global pollution, and sea level rise. Group projects will tackle multi-disciplinary topics within these areas, using research literature and by interaction with researchers currently in these fields.
Human Geography of Climate Change	ENV-3A40	20
This module builds on, and complements, the Year 2 module Climate Change: history, economics and governance, but focuses on sociological, psychological and cultural approaches to understanding climate change in society. Climate change risks and opportunities are perceived very differently within and between societies and this module will explore some of the reasons for this, including issues such as cultural cognition of risk, climate change ethics, science controversies and climate contrarianism. The module will also consider how climate change is represented in the media through language, metaphor and image, practices which shape public and policy discourse around climate change. In recent years, the creative arts have engaged the idea of climate change through the imagination �� in film, fiction and visual form. Some of this work will be introduced and analysed in terms of communication, engagement and human values. Students will have a chance to explore some of these aspects through mini-projects which will be discussed in class seminars.
INDEPENDENT PROJECT	ENV-3A91	40
The project is an independent piece of research. With guidance from a supervisor, each student chooses a topic, designs the research and collects, analyses and interprets data. The student is expected to report on progress at various stages: in the selection of a topic, the detailed plan, an interim report and an oral presentation. A final report in the form of a dissertation not exceeding 10,000 words is required, together with a research poster which summarises the main aspects of the work. This module is compulsory for several degree courses in the School of Environmental Sciences and is restricted to Environmental Sciences students.
MODELLING ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES	ENV-3A11	20
The aim of the module is to show how geophysical problems may be solved from the initial problem, to mathematical formulation and numerical solution. Problems will be described conceptually, then defined mathematically, then solved numerically via computer programming. The module consists of lectures on numerical methods and computing practicals (Matlab): the practicals being designed to illustrate the solution of problems using the methods covered in lectures. The module will guide students through the solution of a geophysical problem of their own choosing. The problem will be discussed and placed into context through an essay, and then solved and written up in a project report.
NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS	ENV-3A44	20
Have you ever wondered why human economic activity seems to be so bad for the environment? Does it have to be like that? Is it possible for human beings to enjoy high standards of living and a high quality environment? Through the study of the principles of Environmental Economics this course sets out to answer those questions. Addressing a wide-range of economy-environment problems including car pollution, over-fishing, climate change and declining oil stocks, the course shows that most environmental problems can be solved through the adoption of policies crafted with the careful application of economic reasoning. Co-taught with ENV-MA44.
ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENT	BIO-3C45	20
This module examines responses to the individual plants and animals, and their populations, to important aspects of terrestrial and aquatic environments that are determinants of distribution and abundance. It investigates in depth the extent to which physiological, metabolic and morphological responses may confer evolutionary fitness, particularly in extreme environments. Some of the environmental constraints covered act by imposing deficiencies of essential resources or conditions (e.g. water, essential ions, oxygen, carbon, light and temperature), whereas others are the result of toxicity, either natural or resulting from human activity (e.g. metal ions, salinity, acidity and organic industrial pollutants). The module will lead you through more fundamental aspects of ecology to consider their application in seeking to meet the multiple challenges of pollution and climate change.
PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY	ENV-3A58	20
This module investigates the geological evidence for major environmental changes through Earth history. It will explore selected topics that relate to the extent, timing and causes of past variations of climate as expressed through changes in the fossil and geological record. Lectures will draw on information from marine, ice core, terrestrial and lacustrine climate archives. Radiometric dating techniques and geochemical/quantitative methods of palaeoenvironmental reconstruction will be examined in practical classes. The module includes half-day excursions to examine key geological field sites in East Anglia. Co-taught with ENV-MA58. STUDENTS MUST TAKE EITHER ENV-2A30 EARTH SYSTEM GEOCHEMISTRY OR ENV-2A25 SEDIMENTOLOGY PRIOR TO TAKING THIS MODULE
PARTICIPATORY ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION-MAKING	ENV-3A54	20
This module explores the rise of deliberative and participatory approaches to science and decision-making as one of the most significant recent developments in the environmental field. It examines: the theories, rationales and methods of participatory environmental decision-making (PEDM); their application in different institutional, social and geographical contexts; evaluation of participatory process effectiveness; and emerging critiques of participation. There is an emphasis on case studies to address these themes, developing practical as well as theoretical understandings of participatory approaches, and associated skills in facilitating environmental deliberation. Co-taught with ENV-MA54.
POLLUTION, TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY	ENV-3A08	20
Multidisciplinary module about problems of managing pollution, focussing on regional and urban issues, this module will unashamedly shift viewpoint between chemical, legislative, economic, historical and social interpretations of pollution.
THE CARBON CYCLE AND CLIMATE CHANGE	ENV-3A31	20
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the greenhouse gas which has, by far, the greatest impact on climate change. CO2 is becoming even more important owing to continued fossil fuel emissions and its very long lifetime in the atmosphere. Predicting future climate or defining ��dangerous�� climate change is challenging, in large part because the Earth��s carbon cycle is very complex and not fully understood. You will learn about the atmospheric, oceanic and terrestrial components of the carbon cycle, how they interact with each other, and how they interact with climate in so-called ��feedbacks��. The understanding of the carbon cycle gained from this module is a vital foundation for all climate change research. Emphasis is given to the most recent, cutting-edge research in the field. Co-taught with ENV-MA31.
THE CARBON CYCLE AND CLIMATE CHANGE (CW)	ENV-3A31C	20
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the greenhouse gas which has, by far, the greatest impact on climate change. CO2 is becoming even more important owing to continued fossil fuel emissions and its very long lifetime in the atmosphere. Predicting future climate or defining ��dangerous�� climate change is challenging, in large part because the Earth��s carbon cycle is very complex and not fully understood. You will learn about the atmospheric, oceanic and terrestrial components of the carbon cycle, how they interact with each other, and how they interact with climate in so-called ��feedbacks��. The understanding of the carbon cycle gained from this module is a vital foundation for all climate change research. Emphasis is given to the most recent, cutting-edge research in the field. Co-taught with ENV-MA31.
THEORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT	ENV-3A63	20
Environmental assessment is a term used to describe procedures for evaluating the potential environmental consequences of policies, programmes, plans and projects. It is a well established tool for environmental policy integration, being routinely employed in more than 100 nations and by many international aid and funding agencies. This multidisciplinary module focuses on the theory and methods of environmental assessment and the decision-making contexts in which they are employed. It explains the procedural stages of, and selected methodologies for, environmental assessment and provides practical experience in applying them. Co-taught with ENV-MA63.
THEORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (CW)	ENV-3A63C	20
THIS IS A COURSEWORK VARIANT FOR AUTUMN SEMESTER VISITING STUDENTS ONLY. Environmental assessment is a term used to describe procedures for evaluating the potential environmental consequences of policies, programmes, plans and projects. It is a well established tool for environmental policy integration, being routinely employed in more than 100 nations and by many international aid and funding agencies. This multidisciplinary module focuses on the theory and methods of environmental assessment and the decision-making contexts in which they are employed. It explains the procedural stages of, and selected methodologies for, environmental assessment and provides practical experience in applying them. Co-taught with ENV-MA63.

Option B Study (20 credits)

Students will select 20 credits from the following modules:

Name	Code	Credits
AQUATIC ECOLOGY	ENV-2A01	20
An analysis of how biological, chemical and physical influences shape the biological communities of rivers, lakes and estuaries in temperate and tropical regions. There is an important practical component to this module and the first of the three pieces of written work involves statistical analysis of class data. The module fits well with other ecology modules and can also be taken alongside geochemical, sedimentological or hydrological modules. The module may also appeal to students with interests in international development. Pre-requisite requirements: A first-year ecology module in either ENV or in the School of Biological Sciences or an A-level in a biological subject or a biologically biased access course plus familiarity with basic statistics and data analysis.
AQUATIC ECOLOGY (CW)	ENV-2A01C	20
An analysis of how biological, chemical and physical influences shape the biological communities of rivers, lakes and estuaries in temperate and tropical regions. There is an important practical component to this module and the first of the three pieces of written work involves statistical analysis of class data. The module fits well with other ecology modules and can also be taken alongside geochemical, sedimentological or hydrological modules. The module may also appeal to students with interests in international development. Pre-requisite requirements: An academic background in ecology at first year undergraduate level plus familiarity with basic statistics and data analysis.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND GLOBAL CHANGE	ENV-2A37	20
Atmospheric chemistry and global change are in the news: stratospheric ozone depletion, acid rain, climate change, photochemical smog, global-scale air pollution, etc. This module covers the fundamental chemical principles and processes involving gases and particles in Earth��s changing atmosphere. It comprises lectures, problem solving classes, practical and computing labs, as well as a field trip to UEA's own atmospheric observatory in Weybourne/North Norfolk.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND GLOBAL CHANGE (CW)	ENV-2A37C	20
Coursework only version of ENV-2A37 - NB reserved for autumn semester visiting students and those students taking ENV-2G02 Semester in Australia.
ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION: MEASUREMENT AND MODELLING	ENV-3A80	20
Emissions of gases and other pollutants from human activities are critical drivers of phenomena such as climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, degradation of air quality in urban and rural areas, long-range transport of air pollution, and changes in aerosol and cloud physical properties. To understand these impacts it is necessary to make atmospheric measurements of chemical composition and physical parameters, and to interpret these observations with a range of statistical, conceptual, and computer-based models. In this module you will be introduced to a range of modern atmospheric measurements techniques, both those used in the field and in the laboratory. Consideration will be given to the relevant chemical and physical processes that are required to understand these observations. You will also learn about a range of interpretive techniques including numerical models, and you will put some of these in to practice.
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND HUMAN SOCIETY	ENV-3A17	20
This is an inter-disciplinary module focusing on the interaction between ecology, biodiversity and human societies. It examines the human drivers of biodiversity loss, the importance of biodiversity to human society, conflicts between human society and conservation and how these can be resolved, and institutions for biodiversity conservation and environmental management. It is designed for students of Biology, Ecology, Environmental Science, Environmental Geography and International Development and Development Studies. This inter-disciplinary module does not require previous detailed knowledge of ecological mechanisms; where a simple understanding of key ecological processes is important, this will be reviewed and taught in class. Key principles, issues and theory are covered in lectures by UEA faculty. These are supported by case studies from external speakers working in conservation, environmental and resource management agencies and NGOs. The module will comprise 2 core lectures plus one workshop / seminar / outside speaker each week. The module will be assessed by a spring semester exam and coursework designed to develop skills in reviewing and interpreting evidence to non-scientists. This will comprise a briefing paper written for non-specialist policy makers, reviewing scientific evidence and areas of uncertainty on a conservation topic, and providing recommendations for UK government policy and identifying research needed, involving both group (written report max 1500 words, conducted in pairs) and individual (powerpoint slideshow: a summary presentation for policy makers) elements. There are no formal prerequisites, but the module complements and builds on a number of 200 level module including: ENV / BIO 200 level core ecology modules (ie, populations, processes), ENV2A8Y Economics of the Environment, ENV-2A06 Environmental Politics and Policy Making, DEV-2C63 Natural Resources for Development II, DEV-2D64 Natural Resources for Development III.
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND HUMAN SOCIETY (CW)	ENV-3A17C	20
This is an inter-disciplinary module focusing on the interaction between ecology, biodiversity and human societies. It examines the human drivers of biodiversity loss, the importance of biodiversity to human society, conflicts between human society and conservation and how these can be resolved, and institutions for biodiversity conservation and environmental management. It is designed for students of Biology, Ecology, Environmental Geography and international Development and Development Studies. This inter-disciplinary module does not require previous detailed knowledge of ecological mechanisms; where a simple understanding of key ecological processes is important, this will be reviewed and taught in class. Key principles, issues and theory are covered in lectures by UEA faculty. These are supported by case studies from external speakers working in conservation, environmental and resource management agencies and NGOs. The module will be assessed by a spring semester exam and coursework designed to develop skills in reviewing and interpreting evidence to non-scientists. This will comprise a briefing paper written for on-specialist policy makers reviewing scientific evidence and areas of uncertainty on a conservation topic, and providing recommendations for UK government policy and identifying research needed, involving both group (written report max 1500 words conducted in pairs) and individual (PowerPoint slideshow: a summary presentation for policy makers) elements. There are no formal prerequisites, but the module complements and builds on a number of 200 level units including ENV/BIO 200 level core ecology modules (i.e. populations, processes) ENV-2A8Y Economics of the Environment, ENV-2A06 Environmental politics and Policy Making, DEV-2C63 Natural Resources for Development II, DEV-2D64 Natural Resources for Development III. (Alternative assessment version for autumn semester visiting students.)
BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE ECOLOGY	ENV-3A15	20
This module examines the biological and ecological processes that underpin our dependence on, and use of, the marine environment for 'goods and services'. Students will study the ecology of marine organisms (from bacteria to fish) which provide the 'services' of climate modulation, nutrient regeneration and food production, threats to the sustainability of these services and the management challenges that result. The module will cover the biodiversity and molecular ecology of bacteria,diatoms, coccolithophores and nitrogen fixers, the physiology and distribution of zooplankton, the ecology of exploited populations and management of the marine environment including fisheries. Example ecosystems such as polar regions, mid ocean gyres and Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems will be studied in detail, and predictions of the impact of environmental change (increasing temperature, decreasing pH, decreasing oxygen, changes in nutrient supply and human exploitation) on marine ecosystem dynamics, will be examined. The module also includes lectures and workshops by biological oceanographers from the Centre for the Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS).
BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE ECOLOGY	ENV-3A15C	20
This module examines the biological and ecological processes that underpin our dependence on, and use of, the marine environment for ��goods and services��. Students will study the ecology of marine organisms (from bacteria to fish) which provide the ��services�� of climate modulation, nutrient regeneration and food production, threats to the sustainability of these services and the management challenges that result. The module will cover the biodiversity and molecular ecology of bacteria, diatoms, coccolithophores and nitrogen fixers, the physiology and distribution of zooplankton, the ecology of exploited populations and management of the marine environment including fisheries. Example ecosystems such as the Antarctic, mid ocean gyres and Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems will be studied in detail, and predictions of the impact of environmental change (increasing temperature, decreasing pH, increasing oxygen minimum zones, changes in nutrient supply and human exploitation) on marine ecosystem dynamics, will be examined. Biological oceanographic methods will be critically discussed. The module also includes lectures and workshops by biological oceanographers from British Antarctic Survey (BAS), the Centre for the Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) and the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation of Ocean Science (SAHFOS). The module is designed for students with some prior knowledge of ecological techniques, and so ENV-2A01 Aquatic Ecology is a pre-requisite. (Alternative assessment version for autumn semester visiting students.)
CATCHMENT WATER RESOURCES	ENV-3A60	20
This module will adopt an integrated approach to studying surface water and groundwater resources in river basins. Approaches to catchment management will be considered in the context of improving water-dependent terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Topics of climate change impacts on water resources in terms of droughts and floods, as well as water quality issues arising from changing land-use patterns will be considered, together with the engineering and socio-economic methods necessary to adapt to future pressures on water resources. Co-taught with ENV-MA60.
CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY	ENV-2A45	20
Covers the major processes that set the chemical composition of the oceans, the distribution of nutrient, and carbon, the distribution of life in the oceans and the interaction of the oceans and atmosphere. how this interacts with the atmosphere to maintain the global environment of the Earth. Elements of physical oceanography and ocean circulation, of geochemistry, marine biology and global change science are covered.
CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY (CW)	ENV-2A45C	20
Covers the major processes that set the chemical composition of the oceans, the distribution of nutrient, and carbon, the distribution of life in the oceans and the interaction of the oceans and atmosphere. Elements of physical oceanography and ocean circulation, of geochemistry, marine biology and global change science are covered. Coursework only version for Visiting Students.
CLIMATE CHANGE HISTORY, ECONOMICS AND GOVERNANCE (CW)	ENV-2A09C	20
Understanding modern and ancient depositional environments: their processes and products. Economic and environmental aspects of sediments.
CLIMATE CHANGE: PHYSICAL SCIENCE BASIS	ENV-3A49	20
Climate change and variability has played a major role in shaping human history and the prospect of a warming world as a result of human activities (global warming) presents society with an increasing challenge over the coming decades. This module covers the science of climate change, our current understanding of anthropogenic effects on climate, and the uncertainties/limitations of our scientific knowledge. It provides details about the approaches, methods and techniques for understanding the history of climate change and for developing climate projections for the next 100 years, supporting further study of the scientific or policy aspects of the subject in either an academic or applied context. Co-taught with ENV-MA49.
CLIMATE CHANGE: PHYSICAL SCIENCE BASIS	ENV-3A51	20
Climate change and variability has played a major role in shaping human history and the prospect of a warming world as a result of human activities (global warming) presents society with an increasing challenge over the coming decades. This module covers the science of climate change, our current understanding of anthropogenic effects on climate, and the uncertainties/limitations of our scientific knowledge. It provides details about the approaches, methods and techniques for understanding the history of climate change and for developing climate projections for the next 100 years, supporting further study of the scientific or policy aspects of the subject in either an academic or applied context. Co-taught with ENV-MA49. This module is restricted to MSci Climate Science students only.
CLIMATE CHANGE: SCIENCE AND POLICY	ENV-2A09	20
Understanding modern and ancient depositional environments: their processes and products. Economic and environmental aspects of sediments.
COMMUNITY, ECOSYSTEM AND MACRO-ECOLOGY	BIO-2B26	20
The module will introduce the main concepts in community, ecosystem and macro-ecology – patterns and processes related to species richness, diversity; stability; succession; primary and secondary productivity and energy flows. We will then examine how these concepts aid our understanding of the functioning of terrestrial and marine ecosystems.
EARTH AND LIFE	ENV-3A38	20
This module introduces Earth system science, taking a top-down approach to the Earth as a whole system, and tracing its development since its formation 4.5 billion years ago. The main focus is on the coupled evolution of life and its environment through a series of revolutions. Theoretical approaches are introduced, including Gaia, feedback mechanisms and systems theory, and practical sessions use models to build up conceptual understanding. The subject is inherently inter-disciplinary, including aspects of biology, chemistry and physics, and unifying the study of climate and global biogeochemical cycles. Co-taught with ENV-MA38.
EARTH SCIENCE FIELD SKILLS	ENV-2A98K	10
In addition to the laboratory-based skills offered in ENV 2A96 (Earth Science Skills) this module concentrates on Earth Science field observation, description and interpretation. During a residential course you will develop a field skill-set, which is designed for students planning an independent project requiring Earth Science field skills. This module is strongly recommended for Environmental Earth Science students. The primary focus will be on geological mapping, structure and stratigraphy, but this module may include hydrogeological, geochemical and Quaternary techniques depending on field location and staff availability. Assessment is course work only. Students should have completed at least 40 credits of Earth Science or Geophysics modules before taking this module.
EARTH SCIENCE SKILLS	ENV-2A96	10
Good observational and descriptive skills lie at the heart of many areas of Environmental Science. This module is designed to develop those and is particularly suitable for students with interests in Earth and Geophysical Sciences. It will cover generic Earth Science skills of use for projects in this area. The module will include: observing, describing and recording the characteristics of geological materials (hand specimen and under microscope); measuring and representing 3d data, and reading geological maps. It will be taught mostly in laboratory classes and by self-study exercises. Taught in the second half of the semester. Before taking this module you must take or be enrolled on at least 40 credits from this list - ENV-2A12, ENV-2A12K, ENV-2A43, ENV-2A65, ENV-2A25, ENV-2A27, ENV-2A30.
EARTH SYSTEM GEOCHEMISTRY	ENV-2A30	20
Examines how the earth system and its geochemical cycling operate on both global and micro scales. Emphasis is on natural cycles, starting with big themes such as crust-hydrosphere-biosphere interaction and its effects on the long term C cycle, including regulation of carbon dioxide. Elements, isotopes, organic molecules (and their isotopic compositions) are used as tracers of processes and events in earth history. Organic matter, its chemistry and its relationship to both the C and S cycles is explored. Dating of geological materials with radiometric methods is introduced. The course explores themes in both deep time (millions of years) and more recent glacial-interglacial cycles (thousands to hundreds of thousands of years).
EARTHQUAKE AND VOLCANIC HAZARDS	ENV-3A04	20
The aim of the module is to be able to solve geophysical problems (both physical and chemical) in a methodical way. Problems will be described conceptionally, then defined mathematically, then solved numerically. Emphasis on numerical solutions to partial differential equations encountered in geophysical sciences: their stability and accuracy. Case studies from meteorology, oceanography, hydrology and geophysics. Extensive project work involved.
EARTHQUAKE AND VOLCANIC HAZARDS WITH FIELDCOURSE	ENV-3A04K	20
Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions have significant environmental and societal impacts. This module focuses on the physical basis and analysis of each hazard, their global range of occurrence and their global impact. The module also addresses approaches towards hazard mitigation and minimising vulnerability, with an emphasis on their practical implication. Scenarios and probabilities occurrence of mega-disasters are also investigated. A one week field trip in Scotland takes place to introduce you to various aspects of natural hazards and in particular to faulting and earthquake hazards. This module is co-taught with ENV-MA04K
EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTISTS	ENV-2B52	10
In this module you will acquire the generic work-ready skills relevant to graduate level employment in the Environmental business sector. The module objectives and content is shaped by consultation with managers of business in the Environmental Sciences sector including Local Government, Providers of Environmental Services and Utilities, Energy Exploration, Sustainable Energy Resources, Conservation and Not-for-profit organisations. These highly desirable work-ready skills that are currently lacking in the majority of graduate students will be taught through a theoretical understanding and supported by practice of skills through environmental case studies that include sessions led by guest speakers associated with a range of Environmental business.
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY	ENV-2A92	10
This module is designed to teach skills necessary for the acquisition of good quality chemical data in environmental systems, and in the interpretation of this data. The module will focus on the collection of environmental samples for chemical analysis, methods of chemical analysis and the analytical and mathematical techniques used for data quality control. There will be a large component of practical work. This module will be particularly relevant for those wishing to do a chemistry-related project later in their degree. Taught in the first half of the semester.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS AND POLICY MAKING	ENV-2A06	20
Examines the theoretical and empirical development of environmental politics in modern society (mostly in the European Union) including: the sources of modern environmentalism and its many manifestations in modern policy making systems; the environmental policies of the UK and the European Union; different theories of political power and public policy making; the role of environmental pressure groups and business; global environmental politics and policy making. The module draws heavily on the theoretical interpretation of everyday examples of politics, which are explored in student seminar presentations and in an extended case study (i.e. essay). This module is co-convened by Professor Andrew Jordan and Dr Irene Lorenzoni.
FIELD COURSE TO EAST AFRICA	ENV-3A55K	20
This fourteen-day field course to a remote part of north-western Kenya is set provisionally to run in late June/early July 2013 and only if 24 students accept a place. A significant personal contribution towards costs is required. The field course will be advertised in November 2012 via emails to eligible students and applications are made directly to the module organizer. Places will be offered and must be accepted before the Christmas Break. Planning begins in February 2013 and preparatory sessions are held throughout the Spring Semester. All preparation sessions are compulsory and involve lectures (1-2 pm on Wednesdays), tutorials for working groups (unslotted), first-aid training and attendance at a travel clinic. With the help of a project adviser, three-person groups develop a project design that will test in Kenya hypotheses in ecology, social science or an interdisciplinary combination of these. Different projects have different learning outcomes depending on the subject of the project. All projects work within limits set by health and safety. This module is incompatible with any Spring semester module that uses Wednesdays 1-2 pm for formal or informal classes.
FIELD ECOLOGY	BIO-2B21	20
Students explore the ecology of moorlands, bogs, sand dunes, rocky shores, estuaries and woodlands. Students should develop skills in identifying plants and animals using scientific keys, carrying out quantitative surveys and statistically analysing their data. Strong emphasis is placed on student-lead project work. The bulk of the teaching takes place on a two week field course in Western Ireland, that runs immediately before the start of the Autumn Semester.
FOSSIL FUELS	ENV-3A33	20
Geological, economic and political aspects of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas and coal) are introduced. These are used to discuss environmental concerns arising from the use of fossil fuels, and the potentially profound implications of future fuel scarcity. This module is suitable for students taking degrees in the School of Environmental Sciences. Some knowledge of Earth Science will be expected. Before taking this module you must take or be taking at least 20 credits or Earth Science or Geophysics modules at honours level.
Fossil Fuel (CW)	ENV-3A33C	20
Geological, economic and political aspects of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas and coal) are introduced. These are used to discuss environmental concerns arising from the use of fossil fuels, and the potentially profound implications of future fuel scarcity. CW only version of ENV-3A33 for Autumn Visiting Students only. Students should have some background knowledge of Earth Science or Geophysics.
GEODYNAMICS: EARTH'S ENGINE	ENV-2A43	20
Processes in the Earth’s interior have exerted a profound influence on all aspects of the Earth’s system through geological time. This module is designed to explore all aspects of those processes from the creation and destruction of tectonic plates to the structure of the Earth’s interior and the distribution and dissipation of energy within it. This will include: the theory and mechanisms of plate tectonics, the heat distribution of the Earth’s interior, the generation of magma and volcanism; the mechanisms behind earthquakes and distribution of seismic energy. The geological record of this activity, its evolution and impacts on the Earth will also be discussed.
GEODYNAMICS: EARTH'S ENGINE (CW)	ENV-2A43C	20
Processes in the Earth��s interior have exerted a profound influence on all aspects of the Earth��s system through geological time. This module is designed to explore all aspects of those processes from the creation and destruction of tectonic plates to the structure of the Earth��s interior and the distribution and dissipation of energy within it. This will include: the theory and mechanisms of plate tectonics, the heat distribution of the Earth��s interior, the generation of magma and volcanism; the mechanisms behind earthquakes and distribution of seismic energy. The geological record of this activity, its evolution and impacts on the Earth will also be discussed. THIS IS FOR VISITING STUDENTS ONLY.
GEOSCIENCES FIELDCOURSE	ENV-3A57K	20
This module is designed to promote a deeper understanding and integration of geoscience subjects: the fieldwork will usually concentrate on aspects of structural geology, regional tectonics, hydrogeology, sedimentology, palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironments, metamorphic geology and volcanology. A key feature of the course is that the location is chosen where there are excellent and substantial exposures of rock formation showing evidence of processes. The field base alternates between the Aegean (Greece) and Western Ireland, and the detailed content will reflect the field sites.
GEOSCIENCES FIELDCOURSE: GREECE	ENV-3A77K	20
This module is designed to promote a deeper understanding and integration of geoscience subjects: the fieldwork will usually concentrate on aspects of structural geology, regional tectonics, hydrogeology, sedimentology, palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironments, metamorphic geology and volcanology. A key feature of the course is that the location is chosen where there are excellent and substantial exposures of rock formation showing evidence of processes. This module runs alternate years with ENV-3A57K (Geosciences Fieldcourse: Ireland). This is to enable field base alternates between the Aegean (Greece) and Western Ireland, and the detailed content will reflect the field sites. This module is co-taught with ENV-MA77K.
GIS SKILLS FOR DISSERTATIONS	ENV-2A94	10
This module focuses on the practical use of GIS for dissertations. After an introductory ‘refresher’ of GIS basics it will review the different techniques that can be used to create and edit data in a GIS, as well as existing digital databases from which map data can be extracted and downloaded. Particular attention will be given to Ordnance Survey mapping for the UK, but other international resources will also be discussed. The module will emphasise issues of error and uncertainty as they apply to spatial data and introduce the use of the ArcGIS ModelBuilder as a way of documenting and efficiently repeating more complex analysis procedures. Assessment will be through a small group project involving the download, integration, analysis and display of spatial data. Taught in the second half of the semester.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE	ENV-3A20	20
An exploration of both the scientific causes of global environmental change and the integrative and complex nature of the societal response to such changes. An examination of attempts to predict future trends in the global environmental over the next few centuries. Topics covered include climate change, the carbon cycle, global pollution, and sea level rise. Group projects will tackle multi-disciplinary topics within these areas, using research literature and by interaction with researchers currently in these fields.
HYDROLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY	ENV-2A65	20
An introduction to hydrology and hydrogeology: the basic equations describing fluid movement in groundwater systems will be derived and applied. The main techniques to investigate groundwater flow systems are highlighted. Water circulation within river catchments is discussed by means of the catchment water balance. The physical process represented by each component of the water balance will be covered as well as the current methods of quantifying these fluxes of water within the catchment . Principles of catchment modelling are outlined.
HYDROLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY (CW)	ENV-2A65C	20
An introduction to hydrology and hydrogeology: the basic equations describing fluid movement in groundwater systems will be derived and applied. The main techniques to investigate groundwater flow systems are highlighted. Water circulation within river catchments is discussed by means of the catchment water balance. The physical process represented by each component of the water balance will be covered as well as the current methods of quantifying these fluxes of water within the catchment . Principles of catchment modelling are outlined. Coursework only version for Visiting Students.
Human Geography of Climate Change	ENV-3A40	20
This module builds on, and complements, the Year 2 module Climate Change: history, economics and governance, but focuses on sociological, psychological and cultural approaches to understanding climate change in society. Climate change risks and opportunities are perceived very differently within and between societies and this module will explore some of the reasons for this, including issues such as cultural cognition of risk, climate change ethics, science controversies and climate contrarianism. The module will also consider how climate change is represented in the media through language, metaphor and image, practices which shape public and policy discourse around climate change. In recent years, the creative arts have engaged the idea of climate change through the imagination �� in film, fiction and visual form. Some of this work will be introduced and analysed in terms of communication, engagement and human values. Students will have a chance to explore some of these aspects through mini-projects which will be discussed in class seminars.
INDEPENDENT PROJECT	ENV-3A91	40
The project is an independent piece of research. With guidance from a supervisor, each student chooses a topic, designs the research and collects, analyses and interprets data. The student is expected to report on progress at various stages: in the selection of a topic, the detailed plan, an interim report and an oral presentation. A final report in the form of a dissertation not exceeding 10,000 words is required, together with a research poster which summarises the main aspects of the work. This module is compulsory for several degree courses in the School of Environmental Sciences and is restricted to Environmental Sciences students.
INTERACTIONS AND POPULATIONS	ENV-2A35	20
Ecology can be defined as the scientific study of how organisms interact with each other and their physical environment. In this module we will look closely at how interactions between individuals determine the structure and functioning of populations. We will start by considering antagonistic interactions between members of different trophic levels, their evolution and the possible coevolution. The nature of these interactions will be analysed by examining the rules that determine how animals behave while foraging, including evolution of optimal foraging strategies in relation to both diet width and patchy environments. Consideration of competition will lead into the population consequences of both within trophic level and between trophic level interactions. We will examine basic concepts of population ecology- age structure, limits to growth, time delays and density dependence illustrated using simple models and case studies of plant and animal populations set within an evolutionary context. We will move on to consider the role of mutualistic interactions in dispersal processes and spatially explicit population processes including the effect of landscape structure on population dynamics, metapopulation dynamics, ecological mechanisms (dispersal, predation) and community structure. A-level Biology is an acceptable alternative pre-requisite for this module. Please note: you cannot take this module if you have already taken ENV-2A03, BIO-2B03 or ENV-2A28.
INTERACTIONS AND POPULATIONS (CW)	ENV-2A35C	20
Ecology can be defined as the scientific study of how organisms interact with each other and their physical environment. In this module we will look closely at how interactions between individuals determine the structure and functioning of populations. We will start by considering antagonistic interactions between members of different trophic levels, their evolution and the possible coevolution. The nature of these interactions will be analysed by examining the rules that determine how animals behave while foraging, including evolution of optimal foraging strategies in relation to both diet width and patchy environments. Consideration of competition will lead into the population consequences of both within trophic level and between trophic level interactions. We will examine basic concepts of population ecology- age structure, limits to growth, time delays and density dependence illustrated using simple models and case studies of plant and animal populations set within an evolutionary context. We will move on to consider the role of mutualistic interactions in dispersal processes and spatially explicit population processes including the effect of landscape structure on population dynamics, metapopulation dynamics, ecological mechanisms (dispersal, predation) and community structure. A-level Biology is an acceptable alternative pre-requisite for this module. Please note: you cannot take this module if you have already taken ENV-2A03, BIO-2B03 or ENV-2A28. (Alternative assessment version for autumn semester visiting students.)
LOW CARBON ENERGY	ENV-2A82	20
This module will focus on the decarbonisation of energy supply and demand in a carbon constrained world. It will examine the role of energy efficiency and low carbon energy technologies, such as wind energy, solar energy, hydrogen and fuel cells, taking into consideration important current issues and sectors for application. This knowledge is used to support an analysis of future energy supply and demand that includes management, policy and technical aspects. This version of the module is assessed by coursework and an exam.
LOW CARBON ENERGY WITH FIELDCOURSE	ENV-2A82K	20
This module will focus on the decarbonisation of energy supply and demand in a carbon constrained world. It will examine the role of energy efficiency and low carbon energy technologies, such as wind energy, solar energy, hydrogen and fuel cells, taking into consideration important current issues and sectors for application. This knowledge is used to support an analysis of future energy supply and demand that includes management, policy and technical aspects. This version of the module, which includes a one week field course that will take place at Easter, is assessed by coursework and fieldwork projects. There is no exam.
MARINE SCIENCES FIELDCOURSE	ENV-2A47K	20
This 11 day 20 credit field course studies physical, chemical and biological coastal oceanographic processes and will probably take place in June. The course includes lectures and practical experience of oceanographic instrumentation, chartwork, numerical analysis of data using matlab and a poster presentation at ENV. The second week of the course will take place in Oban, using the oceanographic research ships and laboratory facilities of the Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory. The course has no pre- or co-requisites and is open to 1st and 2nd year students. However it will be of particular relevance to those studying ENV-2A39 Ocean Circulation, ENV-2A45 Chemical Oceanography and ENV-3A15 Biological Oceanography and Marine Ecology. PLEASE NOTE THAT YOU CAN ONLY ENROL ONTO THIS MODULE VIA AN APPLICATION FORM FROM THE SCHOOL AND NOT VIA THE STANDARD MODULE ENROLMENT PROCESS. ALSO THE MODULE RUNS IN THE SUMMER PRIOR TO THE START OF THE ACADEMIC YEAR.
MATHEMATICS FOR SCIENTISTS III	ENV-2A21	20
This module contains mathematical techniques applicable to a wide range of ENV modules. Among topics covered: matrix algebra, linear equations and eigenvectors, numerical methods, vector fields, Maple programming and complex variables.
MATHEMATICS FOR SCIENTISTS III (CW)	ENV-2A21C	20
This module contains mathematical techniques applicable to a wide range of ENV modules. Among topics covered:matrix algebra, linear equations and eigenvectors, numerical methods, vector fields, maple programming and complex variables. This coursework only version is reserved for autumn semester visiting students.
MATHEMATICS FOR SCIENTISTS IV	ENV-2A22	20
This module shows how mathematics can be applied to the environment. Topics include: fluid dynamics, partial differential equations, waves, Fourier analysis, applications of solid mechanics to geophysics, including stress, strain and elasticity.
METEOROLOGY	ENV-2A23C	20
THIS IS A COURSEWORK VARIANT FOR AUTUMN SEMESTER VISITING STUDENTS ONLY. Coursework does not include fieldwork. See ENVF2A23. This module is designed to give a general introduction to meteorology, concentrating on the physical processes in the atmosphere and how these influence our weather. The module contains both descriptive and mathematical treatments of Radiation Balance, The General Circulation, Thermodynamics and Dynamics and the assessment is designed to allow those with either mathematical or descriptive abilities to do well; however a reasonable mathematical competence is essential. This coursework only version is reserved for autumn semester visiting students.
METEOROLOGY I	ENV-2A23	20
Coursework does not include fieldwork. See ENVF2A23. This module is designed to give a general introduction to meteorology, concentrating on the physical processes in the atmosphere and how these influence our weather. The module contains both descriptive and mathematical treatments of Radiation Balance, The General Circulation, Thermodynamics and Dynamics and the assessment is designed to allow those with either mathematical or descriptive abilities to do well; however a reasonable mathematical competence is essential.
METEOROLOGY II	ENV-2A24	20
This module will build upon the material covered in ENV-2A23 (Meteorology I) covering topics such as synoptic meteorology, micro-scale processes, the General Circulation and weather forecasting.
METEOROLOGY II WITH FIELDCOURSE	ENV-2A24K	20
This module will build upon material covered in ENV-2A23 (Meteorology I) covering topics such as synoptic meteorology, micro-scale processes, the General Circulation and weather forecasting. The module also includes a week long Easter vacation residential fieldcourse, based in the Lake District, focusing on micrometeorology, microclimate and synoptic processes.
MODELLING ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES	ENV-3A11	20
The aim of the module is to show how geophysical problems may be solved from the initial problem, to mathematical formulation and numerical solution. Problems will be described conceptually, then defined mathematically, then solved numerically via computer programming. The module consists of lectures on numerical methods and computing practicals (Matlab): the practicals being designed to illustrate the solution of problems using the methods covered in lectures. The module will guide students through the solution of a geophysical problem of their own choosing. The problem will be discussed and placed into context through an essay, and then solved and written up in a project report.
NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS	ENV-3A44	20
Have you ever wondered why human economic activity seems to be so bad for the environment? Does it have to be like that? Is it possible for human beings to enjoy high standards of living and a high quality environment? Through the study of the principles of Environmental Economics this course sets out to answer those questions. Addressing a wide-range of economy-environment problems including car pollution, over-fishing, climate change and declining oil stocks, the course shows that most environmental problems can be solved through the adoption of policies crafted with the careful application of economic reasoning. Co-taught with ENV-MA44.
OCEAN CIRCULATION	ENV-2A39	20
This module gives you an understanding of the physical processes occurring in the basin-scale ocean environment. We will introduce and discuss large scale global ocean circulation, including gyres, boundary currents and the overturning circulation. Major themes include the interaction between ocean and atmosphere, and the forces which drive ocean circulation. You should be familiar with partial differentiation, integration, handling equations and using calculators. Co-taught with ENV-MA39
OCEAN CIRCULATION (CW)	ENV-2A39C	20
This module gives you an understanding of the physical processes occurring in the basin-scale ocean environment. We will introduce and discuss large scale global ocean circulation, including gyres, boundary currents and the overturning circulation. Major themes include the interaction between ocean and atmosphere, and the forces which drive ocean circulation. You should be familiar with partial differentiation, integration, handling equations and using calculators. Co-taught with ENV-MA39. THIS MODULE IS FOR VISITING STUDENT ONLY.
ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENT	BIO-3C45	20
This module examines responses to the individual plants and animals, and their populations, to important aspects of terrestrial and aquatic environments that are determinants of distribution and abundance. It investigates in depth the extent to which physiological, metabolic and morphological responses may confer evolutionary fitness, particularly in extreme environments. Some of the environmental constraints covered act by imposing deficiencies of essential resources or conditions (e.g. water, essential ions, oxygen, carbon, light and temperature), whereas others are the result of toxicity, either natural or resulting from human activity (e.g. metal ions, salinity, acidity and organic industrial pollutants). The module will lead you through more fundamental aspects of ecology to consider their application in seeking to meet the multiple challenges of pollution and climate change.
PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY	ENV-3A58	20
This module investigates the geological evidence for major environmental changes through Earth history. It will explore selected topics that relate to the extent, timing and causes of past variations of climate as expressed through changes in the fossil and geological record. Lectures will draw on information from marine, ice core, terrestrial and lacustrine climate archives. Radiometric dating techniques and geochemical/quantitative methods of palaeoenvironmental reconstruction will be examined in practical classes. The module includes half-day excursions to examine key geological field sites in East Anglia. Co-taught with ENV-MA58. STUDENTS MUST TAKE EITHER ENV-2A30 EARTH SYSTEM GEOCHEMISTRY OR ENV-2A25 SEDIMENTOLOGY PRIOR TO TAKING THIS MODULE
PARTICIPATORY ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION-MAKING	ENV-3A54	20
This module explores the rise of deliberative and participatory approaches to science and decision-making as one of the most significant recent developments in the environmental field. It examines: the theories, rationales and methods of participatory environmental decision-making (PEDM); their application in different institutional, social and geographical contexts; evaluation of participatory process effectiveness; and emerging critiques of participation. There is an emphasis on case studies to address these themes, developing practical as well as theoretical understandings of participatory approaches, and associated skills in facilitating environmental deliberation. Co-taught with ENV-MA54.
POLLUTION, TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY	ENV-3A08	20
Multidisciplinary module about problems of managing pollution, focussing on regional and urban issues, this module will unashamedly shift viewpoint between chemical, legislative, economic, historical and social interpretations of pollution.
RESEARCH SKILLS FOR SOCIAL SCIENTISTS	ENV-2A90	10
The study of society and its relationship to the natural environment poses distinct research challenges and social science presents a range of approaches and methods with which to address these problems. This module provides an introduction to the theory and practice of social science research. It covers research design, sampling, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, and presentation of results. It is recommended for any student intending to carry out a social science-based research project. Taught in the first half of the semester.
SEDIMENTOLOGY	ENV-2A25	20
Understanding modern and ancient depositional environments: their processes and products. Economic and environmental aspects of sediments.
SEDIMENTOLOGY (CW)	ENV-2A25C	20
Coursework only version of ENV-2A25 - NB reserved for autumn semester visiting students and those students taking ENV-2G02 Semester in Australia only.
SOIL ENVIRONMENTS AND PROCESSES (CW)	ENV-2A27C	20
This module will combine lectures, practicals, seminars and fieldwork to provide students with an appreciation of the soil environment and the processes that occurs within it. The module will progress through: basic soil components/properties; soil identification and classification; soil as a habitat; soil organisms; soils functions;the agricultural environment; soil-organism-agrochemical interation. This coursework only version is reserved for autumn semester visiting students.
SOIL PROCESSES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES	ENV-2A27	20
This module will combine lectures, practicals, seminars and fieldwork to provide students with an appreciation of the soil environment and the processes that occurs within it. The module will progress through: basic soil components/properties; soil identification and classification; soil as a habitat; soil organisms; soil functions; the agricultural environment; soil-organism-agrochemical interaction; soil contamination; soil and climate change.
SOLID EARTH GEOPHYSICS	ENV-2A12	20
What lies beneath our feet? This module addresses this question by exploring how waves, rays and the various physical techniques are used in geophysics to image the subsurface on scales of metres to kilometres . The basic theory and interpretation methods of seismic, electrical and gravity and magnetic surveys are studied. A wide range of applications is covered including archaeological geophysics, energy resources and geohazards. Students doing this module are normally expected to have a good mathematical ability, notably in calculus and algebra before taking this module (ENV-1A61 Mathematics for Scientists I, ENV-1A62 Mathematics for Scientists II or equivalent).
SOLID EARTH GEOPHYSICS WITH FIELDCOURSE	ENV-2A12K	20
What lies beneath our feet? This module addresses this question by exploring how waves, rays and the various physical techniques are used in geophysics to image the subsurface on scales of meters to kilometres. The basic theory and interpretation methods of seismic, electrical and gravity and magnetic surveys are studied. A wide range of applications is covered including archaeological geophysics, energy resources and geohazards. The fieldcourse provides "hands-on" experience of the various techniques and applications, adding on valuable practical skills. This module is highly valued by employers in industry; guest industrial lecturers will cover the current 'state-of-the-art' applications in real world situations. Students doing this module are normally expected to have a good mathematical ability, notably in calculus and algebra before taking this module (ENV-1A61 Mathematics for Scientists I, ENV-1A62 Mathematics for Scientists II or equivalent).
THE CARBON CYCLE AND CLIMATE CHANGE	ENV-3A31	20
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the greenhouse gas which has, by far, the greatest impact on climate change. CO2 is becoming even more important owing to continued fossil fuel emissions and its very long lifetime in the atmosphere. Predicting future climate or defining ��dangerous�� climate change is challenging, in large part because the Earth��s carbon cycle is very complex and not fully understood. You will learn about the atmospheric, oceanic and terrestrial components of the carbon cycle, how they interact with each other, and how they interact with climate in so-called ��feedbacks��. The understanding of the carbon cycle gained from this module is a vital foundation for all climate change research. Emphasis is given to the most recent, cutting-edge research in the field. Co-taught with ENV-MA31.
THE CARBON CYCLE AND CLIMATE CHANGE (CW)	ENV-3A31C	20
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the greenhouse gas which has, by far, the greatest impact on climate change. CO2 is becoming even more important owing to continued fossil fuel emissions and its very long lifetime in the atmosphere. Predicting future climate or defining ��dangerous�� climate change is challenging, in large part because the Earth��s carbon cycle is very complex and not fully understood. You will learn about the atmospheric, oceanic and terrestrial components of the carbon cycle, how they interact with each other, and how they interact with climate in so-called ��feedbacks��. The understanding of the carbon cycle gained from this module is a vital foundation for all climate change research. Emphasis is given to the most recent, cutting-edge research in the field. Co-taught with ENV-MA31.
THEORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT	ENV-3A63	20
Environmental assessment is a term used to describe procedures for evaluating the potential environmental consequences of policies, programmes, plans and projects. It is a well established tool for environmental policy integration, being routinely employed in more than 100 nations and by many international aid and funding agencies. This multidisciplinary module focuses on the theory and methods of environmental assessment and the decision-making contexts in which they are employed. It explains the procedural stages of, and selected methodologies for, environmental assessment and provides practical experience in applying them. Co-taught with ENV-MA63.
THEORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (CW)	ENV-3A63C	20
THIS IS A COURSEWORK VARIANT FOR AUTUMN SEMESTER VISITING STUDENTS ONLY. Environmental assessment is a term used to describe procedures for evaluating the potential environmental consequences of policies, programmes, plans and projects. It is a well established tool for environmental policy integration, being routinely employed in more than 100 nations and by many international aid and funding agencies. This multidisciplinary module focuses on the theory and methods of environmental assessment and the decision-making contexts in which they are employed. It explains the procedural stages of, and selected methodologies for, environmental assessment and provides practical experience in applying them. Co-taught with ENV-MA63.
WAVES, TIDES AND SHALLOW WATER PROCESSES	ENV-2A40	20
This module will explore physical processes in the ocean, building on what you learnt in Ocean Circulation. There will be a focus on applications of ocean physics to shelf seas. Topics will include: Tide generation, forces, harmonic tidal analysis of time series, propagation in shallow seas; Surface and internal waves, their role in air-sea exchange and upper ocean mixing; Role of tides and internal waves in global ocean mixing; Impact of ocean physics on biogeochemical processes, including seasonal phytoplankton blooms and shelf sea fronts; Remote sensing of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll shelf seas. Estuarine circulation and sediment transport; Applications of ocean physics to water quality and pollution monitoring; Role of ocean science in the marine energy industry. This module is designed to follow on from ENV-2A39, which is a pre-requisite. We strongly recommend that you also gain experience of marine fieldwork by taking the 20-credit biennial Marine Sciences fieldcourse, next running in June 2013.
YEAR ABROAD IN EUROPE	ENV-2Y2Y	120
A year long course of study at a continental European university currently, we offer exchanges with universities in Sweden, France and Spain. The exact form of assessment will vary from institution to institution and will normally be conducted in the language of the host country. The modules studied overseas must be approved in advance by the Course Director. All changes whilst abroad must also be approved in advance by the Course Director.
YEAR ABROAD IN NORTH AMERICA	ENV-2Y1Y	120
Modules taken at an overseas university subject to the approval of the Course Director.
YEAR IN AUSTRALASIA	ENV-2Y4Y	120
Modules are taken at a university in Australia or New Zealand, and those taken are subject to approval by the course director.
YEAR IN INDUSTRY	ENV-2Y5Y	100
This module represents the year spent on work placement by students registered on an ENV programme incorporating a year in industry. Assessment is purely on a pass/fail basis with respect to completing a work placement, complementary to the degree, of at least nine months duration. A separate compulsory module, CCE-2A2Y, associated with the year in industry, does have additional assignments.

Free Choice Study (20 credits)

Students will select modules worth 20 credits from the course catalogue with the approval of their School

Disclaimer

Whilst the University will make every effort to offer the modules listed, changes may sometimes be made arising from the annual monitoring, review and update of modules and regular (five-yearly) review of course programmes. Where this activity leads to significant (but not minor) changes to programmes and their constituent modules, there will normally be prior consultation of students and others. It is also possible that the University may not be able to offer a module for reasons outside of its control, such as the illness of a member of staff or sabbatical leave. Where this is the case, the University will endeavour to inform students.

Year Abroad

At the School of Environmental Sciences, UEA, Norwich we can offer you a once-in-a-lifetime chance to spend a year of your studies abroad.

The year abroad degree programmes are four years in duration. You will spend your first two years at UEA, Norwich. The third year is spent at a university (of your choice) abroad and the fourth and final year is spent back at UEA, Norwich. The overseas placement is subject to satisfactory academic performance during Years 1 and 2. Students on an exchange programme will be expected to pay 15% of their annual tuition fee to UEA during their year abroad and we will pay the overseas university.

The chance to spend a year abroad can be an experience of a lifetime as well as providing you with:

Travel opportunities
The opportunity to learn a second language
The chance to experience different cultures
The chance to study topics that we cannot provide here at UEA

Students on the European exchange programmes have the option to spend one year of their studies in either France, Spain or Sweden. We currently exchange with the below institutions and these are reviewed regularly. We will do our best to place you at the exchange university of your choice, however if the demand for a particular university exceeds the places available, you will be placed elsewhere. Language training will be provided for you during your second year at UEA, prior to the year in Europe, therefore we do not expect you to obtain a language A-level for admission. We do however ask that all applicants have a GCSE language at Grade B or above (not necessarily French, Spanish or Swedish).

The European universities that students from the School of Environmental Sciences currently visit include:

Entry Requirements

A Level:: ABB
International Baccalaureate:: 32 (incl 2 HL subjects at grade 6)
Scottish Highers:: AABBB
Scottish Advanced Highers:: ABB
Irish Leaving Certificate:: AABBBB
Access Course:: See below
European Baccalaureate:: 75% overall

Students for whom English is a Foreign language

We welcome applications from students from all academic backgrounds. We require evidence of proficiency in English (including writing, speaking, listening and reading). Recognised English Language qualifications include:

IELTS: 6. overall (minimum 5.5 in any component)
TOEFL: Internet-based score of 78 overall (minimum 20 in Speaking component, 17 in Writing and Listening components and 18 in Reading components.
PTE: 55 overall (minimum 51 in any component).

If you do not meet the University's entry requirements, our INTO Language Learning Centre offers a range of university preparation courses to help you develop the high level of academic and English skills necessary for successful undergraduate study.

Interviews

The majority of candidates will not be called for an interview. However, for some students an interview will be requested. These are normally quite informal and generally cover topics such as your current studies, reasons for choosing the course and your personal interests and extra-curricular activities.

Gap Year

We welcome applications from students who have already taken or intend to take a gap year, believing that a year between school and university can be of substantial benefit. You are advised to indicate your reason for wishing to defer entry and may wish to contact the appropriate Admissions Office directly to discuss this further.

Special Entry Requirements

Applicants are asked to have at least one science based A2-level or equivalent. Acceptable science subjects include: Biology, Chemistry, Economics, Environmental Science, Geography, Geology, Mathematics, Physics.

General Studies and Critical Thinking are not accepted.

Students who wish to study at a European university will be required to have achieved a GCSE grade B or above in the language of instruction for the year abroad.

Intakes

The School's annual intake is in September of each year.

Alternative Qualifications

We encourage you to apply if you have alternative qualifications equivalent to our stated entry requirement. Please contact us for further information.

Pass the Access to HE Diploma with Distinction in 36 credits at Level 3 and Merit in 9 credits at Level 3, including 12 Level 3 Science credits. GCSE Grade B in an appropriate Language.

GCSE Offer

Students are required to have Mathematics and English at minimum of Grade C or above at GCSE Level.

Students who wish to study at a European university will be required to have achieved a GCSE grade B or above in the language of instruction for the year abroad.

Fees and Funding

Undergraduate University Fees

We are committed to ensuring that Tuition Fees do not act as a barrier to those aspiring to come to a world leading university and have developed a funding package to reward those with excellent qualifications and assist those from lower income backgrounds. Full time UK/EU students starting an undergraduate degree course in 2013 will be charged a tuition fee of £9,000. The level of fee may be subject to yearly increases. Full time International students starting an undergraduate degree course in 2013 will be charged a tuition fee of £14,400. The level of fee may be subject to yearly increases.

Year Abroad Fees

For Home/EU students opting for a Year Abroad the tuition fee is currently £1,350. The Year Abroad tuition fee will be subject to an annual increase. International Students are required to pay 25% of their annual tuition fee to UEA during their year Abroad and will be calculated based on the current tuition fee for that year.

Scholarships and Bursaries

Home/EU - The University of East Anglia offers a range of Bursaries and Scholarships. To check if you are eligible please visit http://www.uea.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/finance/university-financial-support

International Students

The Environmental Science courses have 2 £1,000 year one scholarship available for 2013 entry. The Scholarship deadline is 15th March 2013. Please contact the Admissions office at env.ug.admiss@uea.ac.uk for more information.

The University offers around £1 million of Scholarships each year to support International students in their studies. Scholarships are normally awarded to students on the basis of academic merit and are usually for the duration of the period of study. Our University international pages gives you more details about preparation for studying with us, including Fees and Funding http://www.uea.ac.uk/international

Applications need to be made via the Universities Colleges and Admissions Services (UCAS), using the UCAS Apply option.

UCAS Apply is a secure online application system that allows you to apply for full-time Undergraduate courses at universities and colleges in the United Kingdom. It is made up of different sections that you need to complete. Your application does not have to be completed all at once. The system allows you to leave a section partially completed so you can return to it later and add to or edit any information you have entered. Once your application is complete, it must be sent to UCAS so that they can process it and send it to your chosen universities and colleges.

The UCAS code name and number for the University of East Anglia is EANGL E14.

Further Information

If you would like to discuss your individual circumstances with the Admissions Office prior to applying please do contact us:

Undergraduate Admissions Office (Environmental Sciences)
Tel: +44 (0)1603 591515
Email: admissions@uea.ac.uk

Please click here to register your details online via our Online Enquiry Form.

International candidates are also actively encouraged to access the University's International section of our website.